六级Instead of normalising the undesirable behaviour, the message needs to marginalise it, for example, by stating that if even one person buys yet another SUV, it reduces our ability to be energy-independent.

这条信息不是要让不良行为正常化，而是要将其边缘化，比如说，如果一个人再买一辆SUV，就会降低我们独立于能源的能力。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism.

它们缺乏蓄水结构，而且它们在岩石表面的存在使它们无法开采地下水，因此它们反而发展了改变新陈代谢的能力。

2018年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

高考I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of clothes that wouldn't fit.

一年多前，我买了它，因为我的亲戚给了我生日礼物，而不是不合身的衣服。

2015年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

高考Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.

相反，计算机用户正在开发更强的交互记忆；也就是说，人们正在学习如何组织大量信息，以便日后能够访问这些信息。

2015年高考英语安徽卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

四级Furthermore, students will be able to purchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing as little as $

此外，学生将能够购买课文的各个部分，而不是购买整个内容，每个章节的成本仅为$

2013年6月阅读原文

四级These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems 一 problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.

这些是您正在开发的流程，以便随着时间的推移，您能够处理更有趣、更具挑战性的问题一 需要很多人而不是一个人，需要很多技能而不是一个人的问题。

2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

四级The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should learn to delay gratification ( ' , 快乐 ) so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.

假设是孩子们不应该在教室里聊天，因为这会妨碍努力学习；相反，他们应该学会延迟满足（“，快乐 ) 这样他们就可以追求抽象的目标，比如上大学。

2015年12月阅读原文

四级The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should learn to delay gratification so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.

假设是孩子们不应该在教室里聊天，因为这会妨碍努力学习；相反，他们应该学会延迟满足感，这样才能追求抽象的目标，比如上大学。

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

高考However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become accustomed.

然而，他们发现自己的工作不是为了工作，而是为了维持他们很快就习惯的生活方式。

2015年高考英语浙江卷 完形填空 原文

四级The general consensus is that the best ones avoid mindless violence, and instead focus on strategy and challenge us to solve problems and achieve broad goals.

普遍的共识是，最好的人避免盲目的暴力，而是专注于战略，挑战我们解决问题，实现广泛的目标。

2019年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

六级But it's said to no longer contain kola nut extract, relying instead on artificial imitations to achieve the flavour.

但据说它不再含有可拉坚果提取物，而是依靠人工仿制品来获得味道。

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

考研Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few.

在全国范围内，工厂主们正面临着一个新的挑战：与其雇佣太多的工人，不如雇佣太少的工人。

2017年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changed subjects'behavior.

相反，这些研究最终以霍桑效应（Hawthorne effect）命名，霍桑效应是一种极其有影响力的观点，即被实验的行为改变了受试者的行为。

2010年考研真题（英语一）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

考研Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at ￡71.

相反，索赔人获得有时间限制的“津贴”，条件是积极寻找工作；没有权利也没有保险，至少￡71

2014年考研阅读原文

四级No one is asking you to give up activities you like, but if you're watching food shows on TV, try cooking instead.

没有人要求你放弃你喜欢的活动，但如果你在看电视上的美食节目，试着去烹饪吧。

2015年12月阅读原文

四级Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.

与其让孩子们努力工作，不如让他们在有意义的、有成效的活动中获得乐趣，比如做事情、与他人合作、探索想法和解决问题？这些关注点与他们喜欢的事物没有太大区别。

2015年12月阅读原文

四级Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems?

与其让孩子们努力工作，不如让他们在有意义的、有成效的活动中获得乐趣，比如做事情、与他人合作、探索想法和解决问题？

2015年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

高考Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light.

相反，我们是白天活动的生物，眼睛适应在阳光下生活。

2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

高考Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.

大学没有将大学作为从家庭庇护所到自主和成人责任的通道，而是屈服于应该提供与家庭相同的环境的想法。

2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

四级Instead he was keenly interested in product design and aesthetics （美学）, and in making advanced technology simple to use.

相反，他对产品设计和美学非常感兴趣(美学）, 使先进技术易于使用。

2012年12月阅读原文

六级Yet virtually no providers of goods or services rely on this alone, butuse paid advertising instead.

然而，几乎没有一家商品或服务提供商仅仅依靠这一点，而是使用付费广告。

2015年12月听力原文

六级Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents' advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon.

相反，罗德里格斯征求了当地居民的意见，询问他应该在奶酪汉堡包上吃什么，以及如何度过下午。

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

六级Writing in the journal, the scientists describe how the storks from Germany were clearly affected by the presence of waste sites, with four out of six birds that survived for at least five months overwintering on rubbish dumps in northern Morocco, instead of migrating to the Sahel.

科学家们在该杂志上写道，德国的鹳类明显受到了垃圾场的影响，六分之四的鸟类在摩洛哥北部的垃圾堆上越冬，而不是迁徙到萨赫勒。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级Instead of narrowing our focus, like negative emotions do, positive emotions affect our brains in ways that increase our awareness, attention and memory.

与消极情绪一样，积极情绪并没有缩小我们的注意力，相反，积极情绪会以提高我们的意识、注意力和记忆力的方式影响我们的大脑。

2016年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

六级When psychologists and educators test for learning styles, they're trying to figure out whether these are inherent traits that affect how well students learn instead of just a preference.

当心理学家和教育工作者测试学习风格时，他们试图弄清楚这些是否是影响学生学习效果的内在特征，而不仅仅是偏好。

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

高考Instead, you would see plenty of animals with people running after them.

相反，你会看到很多动物和人在追赶它们。

2015年高考英语上海卷 完形填空 原文

四级Why not instead think of learning as if it were food—something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs.

为什么不把学习想象成对人类如此宝贵的食物，以至于人类已经进化到把它当作一种乐趣来体验呢？快乐不应该从孩子身上培养出来，也不应该留给课外活动。

2015年12月阅读原文

考研Instead, they look after their well-being instinctively, and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.

相反，他们本能地照顾自己的幸福，而且通常比我们成年人更有效。也许是时候从他们身上吸取一些教训了。

2016年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

高考You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.

你可以让你的环境对你有利，而不是对你不利。

2015年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

高考Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.

相反，我们有一个弹出式露营车，有舒适的床和空调。

2017年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文

六级"I'm going to leave it to those who are in mathematics to work out the ways to make their subject interesting and exciting so students want to take it," Hacker says. "All that I ask is that alternatives be offered instead of putting all of us on the road

哈克说：“我将把它留给那些数学专业的学生，让他们找到让他们的学科有趣和令人兴奋的方法，这样学生们就会愿意学习。”我所要求的是提供替代方案，而不是让我们所有人上路

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

六级All that I ask is that alternatives be offered instead of putting all of us on the road to calculus.

我所要求的是提供替代方案，而不是让我们所有人走上微积分的道路。

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

考研Buy all your clothes once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.

与设计师一起一次性购买你所有的衣服，而不是一个人购物，一次只买一件衣服。

2016年考研阅读原文

考研Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance", conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at ￡71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.

相反，索赔人获得有时限的“津贴”，条件是积极寻找工作；没有权利也没有保险，至少￡每周71.70英镑，是欧盟最不慷慨的之一。

2014年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

高考Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.

几乎每一位祖父母都想和他或她的孙子孙女在一起，并愿意做出牺牲，但有时更明智的做法是说不，而是经常去看望。

2016年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

四级But instead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divide in the district, which has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly along racial lines.

但是，阿德霍尔德的信并没有将家庭聚集在一起，而是揭示了该地区有9700名学生的分歧，这一分歧大体上是按照种族划分的。

2018年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

考研Instead, the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions.

相反，数字服务税是一个更大趋势的一部分，过去几年，各国提出或实施了一系列新的国际税收规定。

2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its peak and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this trend, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams.

研究人员已经在询问机动车使用是否已经达到高峰并将下降，但交通规划者尚未跟上这一趋势，而不是铺设新的道路来解决交通堵塞。

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

四级The researchers also note that dogs scan faces as a whole to sense how people are feeling, instead of focusing on a given feature.

研究人员还注意到，狗扫描人脸作为一个整体来感知人们的感受，而不是专注于一个给定的特征。

2017年6月听力原文

考研It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.

每天购物而不是每周购物也是个好主意，因为作为人，你有时会改变你对自己喜欢的东西的想法。

2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Customers can bring shoes of any brand into an Adidas store to be shredded and turned into alternative fuels for energy creation instead of being burned as trash.

顾客可以将任何品牌的鞋子带进阿迪达斯商店，将其粉碎，并将其转化为可替代的能源，而不是作为垃圾焚烧。

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

四级Actually, I'm on holiday with my family in Thailand at the moment, although I wish it were with my friends instead.

事实上，我现在正在泰国和家人一起度假，尽管我希望能和我的朋友一起去。

2018年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

六级Instead of skipping out on higher education altogether, they chose community colleges or state schools with low bars for admittance.

他们没有完全放弃高等教育，而是选择了入学门槛较低的社区学院或州立学校。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级The Three-Year Solution Hartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year's tuition and fees

纽约州北部的一所小型文科学校哈特威克学院（Hartwick College）为准备充分的学生提供了一个为期三年的解决方案：在三年而不是四年内获得学士学位，并节省大约54.3万美元的一年学费

2012年6月阅读原文

四级Instead, Soupios says, ancient wisdom urges us to do good.

相反，苏皮奥斯说，古老的智慧促使我们行善。

2016年6月阅读原文

高考A line graph looks similar to a bar graph, but instead of bars, it plots points and connects them with a line.

线形图看起来类似于条形图，但它不绘制条形图，而是绘制点并用直线将它们连接起来。

2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

四级The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality ( ' , 专业) and rank.

医院运营商克利夫兰诊所（Cleveland Clinic）已将其医务人员重组为团队，以专注于特定的治疗领域；顾问、护士和其他人密切合作，而不是被专业分开（“，专业) 和等级。

2017年6月阅读原文

四级Leah easily could have fallen into a trap of feeling content; instead, her energy sparked a period of experimentation and renewal.

莉亚很容易就陷入了满足感的陷阱；相反，她的精力激发了一段时间的实验和更新。

2017年6月阅读原文

四级Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings ( ' , 瘾) and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point.

而不是让人们练习，逐渐减少可能会给他们带来渴望（'，瘾) 甚至在戒烟日之前就出现了戒断症状，这可能就是为什么这组人中很少有人真正做到这一点的原因。

2017年6月阅读原文

高考Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.

不要从这个绝望的角度来看待现状，而是要看看你仍然拥有的一切，并对你生命中所有的美好心存感激。

2015年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 七选五 原文

高考Another reason for corn's rise: the government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality.

玉米价格上涨的另一个原因是：政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米，以改善水质。

2018年高考英语全国卷2 语法填空 原文

高考From what I have seen, few do homework; instead many are on their phones and talking, making it impossible for those who actually want to do work to complete any.

据我所见，很少有人做家庭作业；相反，许多人都在打电话聊天，这使得那些真正想做工作的人无法完成任何工作。

2015年高考英语湖南卷 阅读表达 原文

高考Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.

相反，如果有任何谈话，它会使我们学到更少。

2017年高考英语全国卷1 完形填空 原文

六级Frida Bengtsson from Greenpeace's Protect the Antarctic campaign said: "If the krill industry wants to show it’s a responsible player, then it should be voluntarily getting out of any area which is being proposed as an ocean sanctuary, and should instead

绿色和平组织保护南极运动的Frida Bengtsson说：“如果磷虾业想证明自己是一个负责任的参与者，那么它应该自愿离开任何被提议作为海洋保护区的区域，而应该这样做

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

六级Generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options have unintended consequences:instead of strengthening women's attachment to the workplace,they appear to weaken it.

慷慨的育儿假政策和现成的非全日制选择产生了意想不到的后果：它们不但没有加强妇女对工作场所的依恋，反而似乎削弱了这种依恋。

2014年6月阅读原文

四级Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they prefer such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals.

相反，该公司周二表示，员工会在组装餐前询问家长是否喜欢牛奶或苹果片等食物。

2012年12月听力原文

考研It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being.

它背离了上帝和罗马天主教会的权威，转而倾向于更人性化的生存方式。

2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.

任期制度不但没有保护言论、鼓励多样性和创新思维，反而往往扼杀了自由(压制)他们：年轻的教授必须获得资深同事的终身认可，鼓励志同道合，有时抑制思想的自由流动。

2012年6月阅读原文

六级Milkman, the sociologist, argues that American craftsmanship isn't disappearing as quickly as some would argue - that it has instead shifted to immigrants.

社会学家Milkman认为，美国的手工艺并没有像一些人所说的那样迅速消失，而是转移到了移民身上。

2013年6月阅读原文

四级I offer a simple proposition in response: Many of our problems—class attendance, educational success, student happiness and well-being—might be improved by cutting down the bureaucratic ( ' , 官僚的) mechanisms and meetings and instead hiring an army of good teachers.

作为回应，我提出了一个简单的建议：我们的许多问题——课堂出勤率、教育成功率、学生幸福感和幸福感——都可以通过减少官僚主义（“，官僚的) 机制和会议，而是雇佣一支优秀的教师队伍。

2016年12月阅读原文

四级I offer a simple proposition in response: Many of our problems—class attendance, educational success, student happiness and well-being—might be improved by cutting down the bureaucratic mechanisms and meetings and instead hiring an army of good teachers.

作为回应，我提出了一个简单的建议：我们的许多问题——课堂出勤率、教育成功率、学生幸福感和幸福感——可以通过减少官僚机制和会议，而不是雇佣一支优秀的教师队伍来改善。

2016年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

六级Those involved in the clinical trails on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup.

参与临床试验的人平均每周吃3.3份意大利面，而不是其他碳水化合物，一份相当于半杯左右。

2019年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

考研Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.

我们可以通过有意识地培养新习惯来引导自己的改变，而不是将自己视为习惯的不可改变的生物。

2009年考研阅读原文

考研Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.

老年人建议我们要重新定义幸福感，而不是把孩子看作是一种过去的紧张状态，而不是把它看作是一种可以瞬间衡量的快乐。

2011年考研阅读原文

考研Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.

相反，该公司已经做了它长期以来承诺的事情，它不会在联邦法院质疑佛蒙特州规则的合宪性，这是保持其佛蒙特扬基核电站运行的绝望努力的一部分。

2012年考研阅读原文

六级There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces

没有简单的方法直接衡量种族主义；相反，心理学家通过一项基于计算机的测试来评估所谓的“内隐偏见”，该测试测量人们将“爱”或“恶”等积极和消极词语与黑白脸照片联系起来的速度

2010年6月阅读原文

六级There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces.

没有简单的方法直接衡量种族主义；相反，心理学家通过一项基于计算机的测试来评估所谓的“内隐偏见”，该测试测量人们将“爱”或“恶”等积极和消极词语与黑白脸照片联系起来的速度。

2010年6月阅读原文

六级At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macy's hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.

当年轻的美容消费者经常转向丝芙兰或Ulta而不是百货公司的美容柜台时，梅西希望Bluemercury将有助于巩固其在该品类中的地位。

2017年6月阅读原文

高考When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

当面对如此多的选择时，狮子选择了冻结和等待，而不是攻击拿着椅子的人。

2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

六级Instead, they perform routine and laborious tasks, freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs.

取而代之的是，他们执行常规和繁重的任务，让护士可以自由地照顾有迫切需要的病人。

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

高考Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention.

他没有介绍科学理论，而是讲了一个故事，试图在故事中表达自己的观点，也许是为了吸引读者的注意力。

2015年高考英语湖北卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文

六级In their evolution, humans have learned to pay attention to the most urgent issues instead of long-term concerns.

在进化过程中，人类学会了关注最紧迫的问题，而不是长期关注的问题。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级Instead of having a literal meaning, it docs something - conveying an attitude — just like the -ed ending conveys past tense rather than "meaning.

它没有字面意义，而是记录了一些东西——传达了一种态度——就像-ed结尾传达的是过去式而不是“意义”。

2014年6月阅读原文

高考We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them away.

我们需要修复我们的财产，而不是把它们扔掉。

2015年高考英语安徽卷 完形填空 原文

高考Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact.

相反，婴儿可以通过反复的实验形成对物体支持的理解，然后在此基础上进一步了解物体如何相互作用。

2016年高考英语浙江卷（6月） 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

考研Instead of casting a wistful glance backward at all the species we've left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real costs of our own intelligence might be.

它不是满怀渴望地回头看一眼我们在智商方面留下的所有物种，而是含蓄地问我们自身智力的真正代价是什么。

2009年考研真题（英语一）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

考研Try a hair stylist instead of a barber.

试试发型师而不是理发师。

2016年考研阅读原文

六级Instead, some in Africa and Asia are seeing their first lightbulbs illuminated by the power of sunlight stored in batteries.

取而代之的是，非洲和亚洲的一些人看到他们的第一个灯泡被储存在电池中的太阳光照亮。

2016年12月阅读原文

四级Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form.

旧的信息有时会被挤出大脑，形成新的记忆，而不仅仅是拥挤在一起。

2017年6月阅读原文

四级I wish we'd gone to the beach instead.

我希望我们改去海滩。

2010年12月听力原文

六级So, instead of innovation for innovation's sake and new products being created simply because the technology is there, the company culture must switch from these point-in-time innovations to a continuous pipeline of innovations from everywhere and everyon

因此，公司文化必须从这些时间点创新转变为来自任何地方和每个人的持续创新，而不是为了创新而创新和仅仅因为技术存在而创造新产品

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

考研There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can't figure out how to change people's habits.

还有一些基本的公共卫生问题，比如脏手而不是肥皂习惯，这些问题仍然是杀手，只是因为我们不知道如何改变人们的习惯。

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

高考Instead, they emphasise the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader.

相反，他们强调的是年轻人抓住机会，成为一名卓越领袖的故事。

2015年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

四级Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example.

受教育不应该要求放弃快乐，而应该在新事物中找到快乐：比如，阅读小说而不是玩弄小人物，进行实验而不是在浴缸里沉杯，辩论严肃的问题而不是串在一起胡说八道。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级Once you get out of there, you become that part, only you're using music instead of dialogue.

一旦你离开那里，你就变成了那个角色，只是你用音乐代替对话。

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

考研Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.

他们中的许多人反而成了麻烦的诉讼申请者，这使得侵权制度成为一场代价高昂的噩梦。

2014年考研阅读原文

四级Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings 瘾 and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point.

这种逐渐减少可能会让人们产生渴望，而不是让人们练习瘾 甚至在戒烟日之前就出现了戒断症状，这可能就是为什么这组人中很少有人真正做到这一点的原因。

2017年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

高考Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited.

然而，我并没有因为进展缓慢而气馁，而是很兴奋。

2017年高考英语全国卷1 完形填空 原文

四级The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality and rank.

医院运营商克利夫兰诊所（Cleveland Clinic）已将其医务人员重组为团队，以专注于特定的治疗领域；顾问、护士和其他人密切合作，而不是按专业和级别分开。

2017年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

六级And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.

当我们下了飞机，而不是精疲力竭，我们感到恢复和准备返回表演区。

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

考研Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve well-being.

相反，每天对小事心存感激是改善幸福感的更好方法。

2016年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense

老年人并不是断定孩子让父母高兴或痛苦，而是认为我们需要重新定义幸福：而不是把它看作是一种可以时时刻刻的快乐衡量的东西，我们应该把快乐看成过去式。

2011年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Flexibility resulting from the use of digital devices benefits employers instead of employees.

使用数字设备带来的灵活性使雇主而不是雇员受益。

2016年12月阅读原文

六级Instead, most people seem to learn better if they're taught in several ways, especially if one is visual.

相反，大多数人似乎学习更好，如果他们在几个方面教，特别是如果一个是视觉。

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

四级The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.

而富士利用其赞助在市场上赢得了永久的立足点。

2013年6月阅读原文

高考Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots点, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.

相反，他发明了一种由凸起的圆点组成的阅读系统点, 这为盲人打开了一个全新的知识世界。

2015年高考英语重庆卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

高考Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus.

他们没有走几个街区去接孩子或干洗店，而是送了一辆自动驾驶的小巴。

2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

四级So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.

因此，相反，伤害是对孩子们自己造成的：不是对他们的身体，而是对他们的灵魂。

2010年12月阅读原文

高考Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.

相反，他们从所看到的东西中学习显性和隐性含义。

2015年高考英语广东卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

高考Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them.

我没有把我的孩子们看作失败者，而是鼓励他们。

2018年高考英语天津卷 完形填空 原文