abbr.(= ribonucleic acid ) 核糖核酸

The ribosome reads the mRNA sequence to translate genetic information into proteins.
核糖体根据信使RNA（mRNA）的序列将遗传信息转化为蛋白质。
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
转运RNA（tRNA）在蛋白质合成过程中负责携带氨基酸到核糖体。
mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and then transported to the cytoplasm for translation."
mRNA在细胞核中由DNA转录，然后被运输到细胞质进行翻译。
Small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) play a crucial role in the formation of spliceosomes, which remove introns from pre-mRNA.
小核RNA（snRNA）在剪接体形成中起关键作用，剪接体能从前mRNA中切除内含子。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting messenger RNA for degradation or translational repression.
微小RNA（miRNA）是非编码RNA，通过靶向mRNA使其降解或抑制翻译来调控基因表达。
Ribozymes are RNA molecules that have catalytic properties, performing chemical reactions similar to enzymes.
核酶是具有催化性质的RNA分子，能执行类似于酶的化学反应。
siRNA, short interfering RNA, is used in gene silencing to prevent specific genes from being expressed.
小干扰RNA（siRNA）用于基因沉默，阻止特定基因的表达。
CRISPR-Cas9 system uses guide RNA to edit DNA sequences, revolutionizing genetic engineering."
CRISPR-Cas9系统利用引导RNA编辑DNA序列，革新了基因工程。
Some viruses use reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA genome into DNA before infecting a host cell.
一些病毒使用逆转录酶将其RNA基因组转化为DNA后再感染宿主细胞。
RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural cellular process that regulates gene expression by degrading target RNAs."
RNA干扰（RNAi）是一种天然的细胞过程，通过降解目标RNA来调控基因表达。