n.程序性细胞死亡，细胞凋落，细胞凋亡

Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process of cell death that plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
凋亡是一种由基因编程控制的细胞死亡过程，在多细胞生物的发育和维持中起着关键作用。
During apoptosis, cells shrink, their DNA is fragmented, and they are eventually engulfed by neighboring cells or phagocytes.
在凋亡过程中，细胞会收缩，其DNA被断裂，并最终被邻近细胞或吞噬细胞吞噬。
Chemotherapy drugs often induce apoptosis in cancer cells to inhibit tumor growth.
化疗药物通常能诱导癌细胞发生凋亡，从而抑制肿瘤生长。
The imbalance between cell proliferation and apoptosis can lead to diseases such as cancer.
细胞增殖与凋亡之间的失衡可能导致诸如癌症等疾病。
Apoptotic bodies are characteristic morphological changes observed during programmed cell death.
凋亡小体是在程序性细胞死亡过程中观察到的典型形态学变化。
The activation of caspases, a family of proteolytic enzymes, is a hallmark of apoptosis.
半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶家族的激活是凋亡的一个标志。
Studies have shown that excessive UV radiation can trigger apoptosis in skin cells.
研究表明，过量紫外线辐射可以触发皮肤细胞的凋亡。
In some viral infections, viruses can hijack the host's apoptotic machinery for their own replication advantage.
在某些病毒感染中，病毒能够劫持宿主的凋亡机制，以利于自身的复制优势。
Researchers are exploring new ways to promote apoptosis in damaged neurons as a potential therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.
研究人员正在探索促进损伤神经元凋亡的新方法，将其作为治疗神经退行性疾病的一种潜在疗法。
Some cancer therapies aim to block the anti-apoptotic signals that protect cancer cells from undergoing programmed cell death.
一些癌症疗法旨在阻断保护癌细胞免于经历程序性细胞死亡的抗凋亡信号。