n.轴突(神经细胞的突起，将信号发送到其他细胞)

The axon is the long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body.
神经元的轴突是长而细的突起，负责将电脉冲从细胞体传递出去。
The myelin sheath covers the axon, increasing its speed and efficiency in transmitting signals.
轴突上有一层髓鞘，可以提高信号传输的速度和效率。
Damage to the axon can lead to a loss of motor function in the affected limb.
轴突受损可能导致受影响肢体的运动功能丧失。
Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitters at the axon terminal to communicate with neighboring neurons.
突触小泡在轴突末端释放神经递质，与邻近神经元进行交流。
Axonal regeneration is a complex process that some neurons are capable of after injury.
在受伤后，一些神经元具有轴突再生的复杂能力。
In the brain, dendrites receive signals from other neurons while axons transmit signals to other cells.
在大脑中，树突接收来自其他神经元的信号，而轴突则向其他细胞发送信号。
Axons can be hundreds or even thousands of micrometers long in the human nervous system.
人类神经系统中的轴突可以长达几百甚至几千微米。
Neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin primarily travel along axons to their target cells.
脑啡肽和血清素等神经递质主要沿着轴突到达目标细胞。
Axonal pruning is a critical stage during neural development where weaker connections between neurons are eliminated.
轴突修剪是神经发育中的关键阶段，此时会消除神经元之间的较弱连接。
Researchers study the structure and function of axons to better understand how the brain processes information.
研究人员通过研究轴突的结构和功能，以更深入地理解大脑如何处理信息。