n.人头税，按人摊派的费用，按人付费制度

The government is proposing a capitation fee for each patient treated in the public healthcare system.
政府正提议对在公立医疗体系中治疗的每位病人收取人头费。
Capitation payments have been suggested as a way to control rising healthcare costs.
人头付费被提出作为控制不断上升的医疗费用的一种方式。
Under the new insurance plan, doctors receive a capitation payment for each patient enrolled, regardless of the services provided.
在新的保险计划下，医生会为注册的每一位病人收到一笔人头费，而不考虑所提供的服务量。
The introduction of capitation in primary care has led to concerns about reduced access to necessary treatments.
在初级医疗中引入人头费制度引发了对必要治疗可及性可能降低的担忧。
Capitation can incentivize preventive care, as providers are encouraged to keep patients healthy to minimize service utilization.
人头费制度可以激励预防性医疗，因为这鼓励医疗服务提供者保持患者健康以最小化服务使用率。
Critics argue that capitation may discourage doctors from spending sufficient time with complex cases, focusing instead on volume.
批评者认为，人头费可能会阻碍医生在复杂病例上花费足够的时间，而更关注诊疗数量。
In some managed care systems, capitation rates are negotiated between healthcare providers and insurance companies.
在一些管理式医疗系统中，人头费率由医疗服务提供者和保险公司协商确定。
The capitation model assumes a predictable level of healthcare needs within a population, which may not always be accurate.
人头费模式假设人口中有可预测的医疗需求水平，但这并不总是准确的。
By moving towards a capitation system, policymakers hope to shift the focus from treatment to prevention and wellness.
通过转向人头费制度，政策制定者希望将重点从治疗转移到预防和健康促进上。
Some countries have successfully implemented capitation funding models for primary healthcare, improving efficiency and reducing costs.
一些国家已成功实施了针对初级医疗保健的人头费资金模式，提高了效率并降低了成本。