n.染色单体，染色半体；染色分体

During cell division, each chromatid separates to form a complete daughter chromosome.
在细胞分裂过程中，每条染色单体分开形成一个完整的子染色体。
The centromere connects the two identical sister chromatids together.
着丝粒将两条同源姐妹染色单体连接在一起。
In metaphase of mitosis, the chromatids align at the equator of the cell.
在有丝分裂中期，染色单体在细胞赤道面上排列整齐。
When DNA replication is complete, the original chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids.
当DNA复制完成后，原来的染色体会由两条相同的姐妹染色单体组成。
Crossing over can occur between homologous chromatids during meiosis, leading to genetic recombination.
在减数分裂期间，同源染色单体之间可能发生交叉互换，导致基因重组。
Telomeres protect the ends of chromatids from degradation and fusion with other chromosomes.
端粒保护着染色单体的末端不被降解和与其他染色体融合。
The attachment of spindle fibers to kinetochores on the chromatids ensures their proper segregation in cell division.
纤维微管与染色单体上的动粒结合，确保了细胞分裂时它们能正确分离。
Cytokinesis follows after all the chromatids have been separated into the two daughter cells.
所有的染色单体都已分别进入两个子细胞后，才会发生胞质分裂。
A mutation occurring in one chromatid can lead to aneuploidy if it's not repaired before cell division.
如果一条染色单体上发生的突变在细胞分裂前未得到修复，可能会导致非整倍性。
The condensed state of chromatids during prophase allows for more efficient packaging within the nucleus.
染色单体在前期高度凝聚的状态使得其能在细胞核内更有效地进行包装。