n.谷氨酸，谷氨酸盐（酯、根）

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
谷氨酸是中枢神经系统的主要兴奋性神经递质。
The overactivation of glutamate receptors can lead to neurodegeneration in conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
在阿尔茨海默病等情况下，谷氨酸受体的过度激活可能导致神经元退化。
After consuming MSG (monosodium glutamate), some people experience symptoms such as headaches and flushing.
摄入味精（主要成分是谷氨酸钠）后，有些人会出现头痛和面部潮红等症状。
Glutamate is involved in learning and memory processes, playing a crucial role in synaptic plasticity.
谷氨酸参与学习和记忆过程，在突触可塑性中发挥关键作用。
NMDA receptors, which are sensitive to glutamate, are essential for long-term potentiation in the brain.
对谷氨酸敏感的NMDA受体对于大脑中的长期增强至关重要。
Glutamate is an amino acid found in many proteins and is a precursor to other important molecules like glutathione.
谷氨酸是一种在许多蛋白质中发现的氨基酸，也是诸如谷胱甘肽等重要分子的前体。
The glutamate cycle, also known as the TCA cycle or Krebs cycle, is a metabolic pathway in neurons.
谷氨酸循环，又称三羧酸循环或克氏循环，是神经元中的代谢途径。
Antagonists of glutamate receptors, such as ketamine, can produce dissociative anesthesia.
像氯胺酮这样的谷氨酸受体拮抗剂可以产生分离麻醉效果。
Excessive glutamate release can trigger seizures and neuronal damage in epilepsy patients.
过量的谷氨酸释放可能引发癫痫患者抽搐和神经元损伤。
Researchers are studying ways to modulate glutamate levels to treat neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease.
研究人员正在研究调节谷氨酸水平的方法来治疗帕金森病等神经系统疾病。