溶酶体

Lysosomes are the "garbage disposal" of the cell, containing hydrolytic enzymes that break down waste materials.
When a cell ingests foreign particles, they are often enclosed within vesicles that eventually fuse with lysosomes for degradation.
Lysosomal storage diseases arise due to genetic mutations that impair the function or structure of lysosomal enzymes.
The fusion of a phagocytic vesicle with a lysosome is a critical step in the immune system's pathogen-clearing process.
Lysosomes play a pivotal role in cellular autophagy, where they degrade damaged organelles to recycle their components.
Excessive production of reactive oxygen species can lead to the accumulation of damaged proteins in lysosomes, causing cellular stress.
Lysosomes are involved in the degradation of long-lived proteins and the turnover of the cell membrane.
Lysosomal enzymes are essential for breaking down various macromolecules like lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
Lysosome function is tightly regulated by cellular signaling pathways to prevent premature degradation of cellular components.
Deficiency in lysosomal enzymes can result in inherited metabolic disorders, such as Tay-Sachs disease or Gaucher's disease.
溶酶体是细胞内的“垃圾处理厂”，含有分解废物的水解酶。
当细胞吞噬外来颗粒时，它们通常被包裹在囊泡中，最终与溶酶体融合进行降解。
溶酶体储存病是由影响溶酶体酶功能或结构的遗传突变引起的。
吞噬性囊泡与溶酶体的融合是免疫系统清除病原体的关键步骤。
溶酶体在细胞自噬过程中起着核心作用，它们分解受损的细胞器以回收其成分。
过量产生的活性氧分子可能导致溶酶体中受损蛋白质的积累，引起细胞压力。
溶酶体参与长寿命蛋白质的降解和细胞膜的更新。
溶酶体酶对于分解各种大分子如脂质、碳水化合物和蛋白质至关重要。
溶酶体功能受到细胞信号通路的精细调控，以防止细胞成分过早降解。
溶酶体酶的缺乏可能导致遗传代谢疾病，如泰-萨克斯病或高雪氏病。