n.小神经胶质细胞

Microglia are the primary immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) of vertebrates.
微胶质细胞是脊椎动物中枢神经系统的主要免疫细胞。
They play a crucial role in neuroinflammation and tissue repair after brain injury or disease.
它们在神经炎症和大脑损伤或疾病后的组织修复中发挥关键作用。
Activated microglia can phagocytose dead neurons and cellular debris during an inflammatory response.
在炎症反应期间，活化的微胶质细胞能吞噬死亡的神经元和细胞碎片。
Research has shown that microglia can also contribute to the formation and maintenance of synapses.
研究表明，微胶质细胞还能参与突触的形成和维持。
In Alzheimer's disease, microglia are implicated in the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
在阿尔茨海默病中，微胶质细胞与淀粉样斑块和神经纤维缠结的积累有关。
The study of microglia is vital for understanding the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative disorders.
对微胶质细胞的研究对于理解多发性硬化症等神经退行性疾病的发生机制至关重要。
Microglia exhibit plasticity, meaning they can change their morphology and function in response to neuronal activity.
微胶质细胞表现出可塑性，能够根据神经元活动改变形态和功能。
They have been proposed as potential therapeutic targets for treating neuroinflammation in conditions like Parkinson's disease.
人们提出它们可能是治疗帕金森病等疾病中神经炎症的潜在治疗靶点。
Scientists are exploring ways to modulate microglial activity using drugs or gene therapies to combat neurodegeneration.
科学家正在研究利用药物或基因疗法调节微胶质细胞活性，以对抗神经退行性疾病。
In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the role of microglia in maintaining brain homeostasis and promoting neuroplasticity.
近年来，人们对微胶质细胞在维持大脑稳态和促进神经可塑性方面的作用产生了浓厚的兴趣。