骨膜

The periosteum is the dense, fibrous connective tissue that covers the surface of bones.
译文：骨膜是覆盖在骨头表面的致密纤维结缔组织。
The periosteum provides blood supply and support to growing bones.
译文：骨膜为生长中的骨骼提供血液供应和支撑。
Fractures can damage the periosteum, leading to pain and inflammation.
译文：骨折可能会损伤骨膜，导致疼痛和炎症。
Osteoblasts in the periosteum lay down new bone matrix during bone growth.
译文：骨膜中的成骨细胞在骨骼生长时形成新的骨基质。
Periosteal callus forms around a broken bone as it heals.
译文：骨折愈合时，骨膜会形成骨痂包围断骨。
The periosteum helps repair damaged bone by producing cells for bone regeneration.
译文：骨膜通过产生用于骨再生的细胞帮助修复受损的骨头。
A tumor on the periosteum may cause swelling and discomfort near the affected bone.
译文：骨膜上的肿瘤可能导致受影响骨头附近的肿胀和不适。
Surgery sometimes involves removing part of the periosteum to access deep structures.
译文：手术有时需要移除部分骨膜以访问深层结构。
Injuries to the periosteum can lead to improper bone healing or even nonunion.
译文：对骨膜的伤害可能导致不正确的骨骼愈合或甚至不愈合。
Athletes with stress fractures often have periosteal reactions seen on X-rays.
译文：患有应力性骨折的运动员通常在其X光片上可以看到骨膜反应。