n.普利子，传染性蛋白质粒子，朊病毒(能导致脑病)

Prions are infectious agents that cause diseases like Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and mad cow disease in cattle.
病毒朊是引发人类克雅氏症和牛海绵状脑病等疾病的传染因子。
The mechanism by which prions transmit is still not fully understood, but it involves the conversion of normal cellular proteins into an abnormal, infectious form.
朊病毒传播的具体机制尚未完全明了，但它涉及正常细胞蛋白转化为异常传染形式的过程。
Researchers are working on developing diagnostic tests to detect prions early, as early detection is crucial for treating and managing prion-related illnesses.
研究人员正在努力研发能早期检测朊病毒的诊断方法，因为早期发现对治疗和管理相关疾病至关重要。
Prion diseases are unique because they do not require a genetic mutation; instead, they result from a misfolded protein that spreads through contact with other cells.
朊病毒疾病的独特之处在于它们并不需要基因突变；而是由蛋白质错误折叠并通过与其他细胞接触传播导致的。
Scientists believe that prions may hold clues to understanding neurodegenerative disorders, as both types of diseases involve the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain.
科学家认为朊病毒可能揭示出神经退行性疾病的研究线索，因为这两种疾病都涉及到大脑中错误折叠蛋白质的积累。
Experimental treatments targeting prions are still in the experimental stage, with limited success so far, but researchers remain hopeful.
针对朊病毒的实验性疗法仍处于初期阶段，目前成效有限，但研究人员仍抱有希望。
Prions can persist in the environment for decades, making them difficult to eradicate in certain contexts, such as contaminated soil or medical equipment.
朊病毒能在环境中存活数十年，这使得在某些情况下，如受污染的土壤或医疗设备中根除它们变得非常困难。
The transmission of prions between animals and humans, known as zoonotic transmission, poses a significant public health concern.
动物与人之间的朊病毒传播（即动物源性传播）构成了严重的公共卫生问题。
Scientists have developed animal models to study prion diseases, allowing them to better understand the progression and potential treatments for these devastating conditions.
科学家已经建立了研究朊病毒疾病的动物模型，以便更深入地了解这些毁灭性疾病的进展和潜在疗法。
Infection with prions can lead to irreversible neurological damage, ultimately resulting in the death of the host organism.
朊病毒感染会导致不可逆的神经系统损伤，最终导致宿主生物死亡。