Hepatitis A is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, often due to contaminated food or water.
甲型肝炎主要通过粪口途径传播，通常是由于食物或水受到污染。
Vaccination against
hepatitis B is recommended for all newborns to prevent chronic infection.
推荐所有新生儿接种乙型肝炎疫苗以预防慢性感染。
Chronic
hepatitis C can lead to serious liver complications, including cirrhosis and liver cancer.
慢性丙型肝炎可导致严重的肝脏并发症，包括肝硬化和肝癌。
Hepatitis D virus is unique in that it cannot replicate without the presence of
hepatitis B virus.
丁型肝炎病毒的独特之处在于，它不能在没有乙型肝炎病毒存在的情况下复制。
Alcoholic
hepatitis is a condition resulting from excessive alcohol consumption, causing inflammation of the liver.
酒精性肝炎是由过量饮酒引起的一种状况，导致肝脏发炎。
Autoimmune
hepatitis occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the liver cells.
自身免疫性肝炎是身体免疫系统错误地攻击肝细胞时发生的情况。
Acute
hepatitis may present with symptoms like fatigue, nausea, and yellowing of the skin (jaundice).
急性肝炎可能伴有疲劳、恶心和皮肤黄疸等症状。
Hepatitis E is typically transmitted through contaminated drinking water and is more common in developing countries.
戊型肝炎通常通过受污染的饮用水传播，在发展中国家更为常见。
Treatment for
hepatitis depends on the type of
hepatitis virus involved and may include antiviral medications.
肝炎的治疗取决于所涉及的肝炎病毒类型，可能包括抗病毒药物。
Good hygiene practices, such as hand washing, are essential in preventing the spread of
hepatitis A and E.
良好的卫生习惯，如洗手，对于防止甲型和戊型肝炎的传播至关重要。
The company's vaccine plans involving such technology transfer and localized production cooperation mainly include those for hepatitis A, polio, influenza and COVID-19.
该公司涉及此类技术转让和本地化生产合作的疫苗计划主要包括针对甲型肝炎、脊髓灰质炎、流感和新冠肺炎的疫苗计划。
With the vision of "creating a healthier world", the company has been committed to promoting drug innovation in a bid to treat diseases such as HIV, viral hepatitis and cancer.
本着“创造一个更健康的世界”的愿景，该公司一直致力于促进药物创新，以治疗艾滋病毒、病毒性肝炎和癌症等疾病。
In response to the national action plan for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis, Gilead will sign a three-year strategic cooperation project to support the national action plan and eliminate the public health hazards of hepatitis C. It will do so with the Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control during the expo.
为响应国家预防和控制病毒性肝炎行动计划，吉利德将签署一个为期三年的战略合作项目，以支持国家行动计划，消除丙型肝炎的公共健康危害。吉利德将在博览会期间与中国性病和艾滋病预防控制协会签署该项目。
On May 24, it announced that a nucleic acid test kit for detecting hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV developed by Sanway Gene, its wholly owned subsidiary, had received certification from a European Union Notified Body, marking the fourth Conformite Europeenne (CE) certification obtained by Sansure Biotech for List A products following the certification of three other products on May 20.
5月24日，该公司宣布，其全资子公司三威基因开发的一种用于检测乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和艾滋病毒的核酸检测试剂盒已获得欧盟公告机构的认证，这标志着继5月20日其他三种产品获得认证后，三威生物技术公司第四次获得a级产品的符合欧洲标准（CE）认证。
During the 2019 CIIE, MSD commemorated the 30-year anniversary of its tech transfer of the Hepatitis B vaccine technology to China, the start of its journey in the country.
在2019年的中国国际进口博览会上，默沙东（MSD）纪念了其向中国转让乙肝疫苗技术30周年，这也标志着其在中国的旅程的开始。
Established in 2009, Ascentage is dedicated to developing novel therapies to satisfy patients' unmet medical needs for treatment of cancer, chronic hepatitis B, and age-related diseases with a global orientation.
自2009年成立以来，亚盛医药致力于研发创新疗法，旨在满足全球癌症、慢性乙型肝炎及与年龄相关的疾病患者尚未被满足的治疗需求。
Suzhou, Jiangsu province-based Ascentage Pharma is dedicated to developing first-in-class or best-in-class novel therapies with a global orientation to satisfy patients' unmet medical needs in the areas of cancer, chronic hepatitis B and age-related diseases.
总部位于江苏省苏州市的Ascentage制药公司致力于开发全球首创或同类最优的创新疗法，旨在满足癌症、慢性乙型肝炎和与年龄相关的疾病等领域的患者未竟的医疗需求。
Ascentage is dedicated to developing first-in-class or best-in-class novel therapies to satisfy patients' unmet medical needs in the areas of cancer, chronic hepatitis B, and age-related diseases with a global orientation.
Ascentage Pharma 致力于开发全球首创或同类最优的创新疗法，以满足肿瘤、慢性乙型肝炎及与衰老相关疾病领域内尚未被满足的医疗需求，矢志成为全球领先的生物医药企业。
The company also reached a series of agreements with local partners in China at the third CIIE, including a contract with domestic health platform JD Health to establish an online liver disease innovation platform that would improve accessibility of the drug Baraclude, which is used to treat hepatitis B infection of the liver.
在第三届进博会上，公司还与多家中国本土企业达成合作，包括与京东健康签署战略合作协议，共同打造互联网肝病创新平台，提升乙肝治疗药物“博路定”可及性。
CpG 1018 is the adjuvant used in an adult hepatitis B vaccine approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the European Commission.
CpG 1018是美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)和欧洲委员会批准的一种成人乙型肝炎疫苗的佐剂。
As every March 18 is National Protect Liver Day in China, to raise awareness of the threat of viral hepatitis and promote early diagnosis and treatment, Gilead Sciences Inc, an internationally leading pharmaceutical company in antiviral solutions, kicked off a large-scale hepatitis C screening campaign on Thursday in China in collaboration with China Liver Health, a non-profit organization promoting liver health.
3月18日是中国的全国护肝日，为了提高人们对病毒性肝炎威胁的认识，并推动早期诊断和治疗，全球抗病毒解决方案的领头羊吉利德科学公司与中国肝健康非营利组织合作，于本周四在中国启动了一项大规模的丙型肝炎筛查活动。
During the six-day campaign, free hepatitis C screening services will be provided to more than 7,000 patients in 100 hospitals from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country to improve chances of early detection and intervention for the infected.
活动期间，全国31个省、自治区、直辖市的100家医院将为7000多名患者提供免费的丙肝筛查服务，以期提高丙肝感染者的早期发现和干预率。
Data from the National Health Commission showed viral hepatitis accounts for the largest infectious disease patient population in China, among which hepatitis B and C are most common.
来自国家卫生健康委员会的数据表明，病毒性肝炎在中国是最大的传染病患者群体，其中乙型和丙型肝炎最为常见。
If they go without timely anti-viral treatment, patients with hepatitis B or C will likely eventually suffer from liver cirrhosis and cancer.
如果乙肝或丙肝患者没有及时接受抗病毒治疗，他们很可能最终会患上肝硬化和肝癌。
Moreover, more than 92 percent of liver cancer cases progressed from a hepatitis B infection.
此外，超过92%的肝癌病例由乙型肝炎感染发展而来。
Li Lanjuan, a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and expert from the National Health Commission, urged people with high risk factors for viral hepatitis to get screened as soon as possible, and advised diagnosed patients to take standardized treatment proactively.
中国工程院院士、国家卫健委高级别专家组成员李兰娟呼吁，高危人群应尽早进行病毒性肝炎筛查，确诊患者要主动接受规范治疗。
Hepatitis B is controllable while hepatitis C is curable, she said.
她表示，乙型肝炎是可以控制的，而丙型肝炎则是可以治愈的。
Several advanced oral anti-virus medicines have been launched in China, which is significant for the country to eliminate hepatitis C before 2030, she added.
她补充说，中国已经推出了几种先进的口服抗病毒药物，这对该国在2030年前消除丙型肝炎具有重要意义。
It has launched five innovative anti-virus drugs for treatment of hepatitis B and C in China since 2017.
自2017年以来，该公司已在中国推出了五种创新的抗病毒药物，用于治疗乙型和丙型肝炎。
The liver cancer early detection product aims at the potential market of China's 90 million hepatitis patients, and about 7 million cirrhosis patients and other high-risk groups.
这款肝癌早期检测产品瞄准了中国9000万乙肝患者以及大约700万肝硬化患者和其他高风险群体的潜在市场。
Wang Junzhi, an academic at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said China has laid a solid foundation to research inactivated vaccines in recent years, and inactivated vaccines have been widely used to fight hepatitis A, influenza, poliomyelitis, and hand, foot and mouth disease.
Gilead is a major US biotechnology company focusing on the development of antiviral medicines effective in the treatment of the HIV, which causes AIDS, and hepatitis, a major liver disease.
Gilead said that in the future, it plans to increase its investment in China as the country is a major market for hepatitis, and the unmet demand is huge.
Data from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention showed that at this time, there are roughly 93 million people in China infected by hepatitis B virus, and more than 1 million new cases of viral hepatitis occur each year.
China also spends more than any other country on the treatment of hepatitis.
The center has a particular vision to discover and develop a cure for hepatitis B as the virus is endemic in China and primary liver cancer caused by HBV has high incidence and mortality rates.
At present, the center has started phase I clinical trials for four hepatitis B molecules of different mechanisms, together with several new mechanism projects in the preclinical stage of research.
The world's first Hepatitis E vaccine was approved in China in 2012 and in April one product became China's first vaccine to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for clinical trials.
Chinese liver disease patients mostly suffer from viral hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver, but because such diseases have obscure early symptoms, a majority of patients are diagnosed at a late stage, when surgery and drug treatment have limited effects, he said.
Lanzhou Foci Pharma's smart plants make its concentrated pills potent planet-wideGansu province-based Lanzhou Foci Pharmaceutical Co Ltd is becoming well known the world over for its concentrated pills, a unique type of traditional Chinese medicine or TCM for a range of diseases or conditions like asthma, diabetes, tuberculosis, cataract, hypertension and hepatitis.
Global biopharmaceutical firm Gilead Sciences Inc has reaffirmed its commitment to curing hepatitis, and with it, helping sufferers in China, a country with one third of all the world's hepatitis B carriers.
Breakthroughs mean that one strand, hepatitis C, can already be completely cured.
The firm says its goal now is to find a permanent cure for hepatitis B.
Statistics from the World Health Organization showed there are 86 million hepatitis B virus carriers in China.
Without treatment, it is estimated that between 2015 and 2030, 10 million people will die from a hepatitis B-related disease.
"Although there is no permanent treatment for hepatitis B now, with the upgrading of antiviral drugs, chronic hepatitis B patients, who receive long-term treatment, can have better medication options, with a very low drug resistance rate and better safety assurance, reducing the risk of liver cancer," said Ren Hong, head of the Second Affiliated Hospital at Chongqing Medi-cal University.
Zhuang Hui, an academic at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, described chronic hepatitis B as "a severe public health problem in China.
""One third of the chronic hepatitis patients in the country don't know there are anti-hepatitis drugs now, half of the patients haven't received standardized antiviral therapy, and 60 percent of them stop taking medicine before it's time to," he said.
The WHO is aiming to eliminate hepatitis by 2030.
Margaret Chan, former director of the WHO, noted that combating hepatitis requires joint efforts from the government, NGOs, the healthcare industry, society and patients.
On Nov 8, Gilead received approval in China for Tenofovir alafenamide, a drug designed for treating chronic hepatitis B in adults and children weighing over 35 kilograms, and 12 years of age and older.
One example is a charity program Medlinker initiated with pharmaceutical company Gilead, to offer convenient and high-quality online healthcare services for hepatitis C patients, which has served 4,000 people nationwide.
Gilead will launch another anti-AIDS product, as well as two products to combat hepatitis in China by the end of this year.
According to CCDCP data, currently, there are roughly 93 million hepatitis B patients in China, and more than 1 million new cases of viral hepatitis occur each year.
The center's focus will be developing antibiotics, as well as medicines to treat hepatitis B, and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, Shen said.
"Such an approach will enable the company to focus on several disease treatment fields, including the treatment of viral hepatitis and cardiovascular disease and the development of immuno-oncology and immunology science, she said.
Gilead Sciences, which specializes in developing treatments for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and liver diseases such as hepatitis B and C, will participate in the CIIE for the second time this year, according to the company's global vice president Jin Fangqian.
Covering 21,000 square meters, the factory will produce and package vaccines designed to protect against diseases including COVID-19, hepatitis A and the flu.
GSK is using the ongoing expo to highlight its Hepatitis B, HPV, and herpes zoster vaccines.
GSK正利用本次展会，重点推介其乙肝、HPV（人乳头瘤病毒）和带状疱疹疫苗。
"The export of our COVID-19 vaccines helped us gain international recognition and credibility, which in turn contributed to the export of the company's other vaccine-related products," said Pearson Liu, director of brand management and public relations at Sinovac Biotech Ltd. For example, since 2009, Sinovac has been promoting the clinical trials and registration of its inactivated vaccine against hepatitis A in South Korea.
Sinovac Biotech Ltd的品牌管理和公关总监Pearson Liu表示：“我们COVID-19疫苗的出口帮助我们在国际上获得了认可和信誉，这反过来又促进了公司其他与疫苗相关产品的出口。”例如，自2009年以来，Sinovac一直在韩国推动其灭活型甲型肝炎疫苗的临床试验和注册。
Starting Jan 1, a total of 70 new medicines covering, among other diseases, cancer, hepatitis, diabetes, and tuberculosis, are included in the new drug reimbursement list.
The prices of three new drugs for hepatitis C were reduced by an average of 85 percent, according to the National Healthcare Security Administration.
Through the cooperation, the two sides will jointly produce nine world-class medicines in the pilot zone, to be used in the treatment of cardio-cerebral vascular disease, skin cancer, brain cancer and chronic hepatitis B, among others.
The prevention and control of major infectious diseases such as hepatitis, tuberculosis, and AIDS remains challenging, it said.
Its R&D laboratory in Shanghai has developed new drugs for various diseases including hepatitis, lung cancer and hematologic malignancies, through cooperation with China's domestic R&D resources.
"However, like other immune checkpoint inhibitors, tislelizumab could cause immune-related adverse reactions that mainly include pneumonitis, diarrhea and colitis, hepatitis, and endocrinopathies (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis, adrenocortical insufficiency, hyperglycemia and type 1 diabetes mellitus), and skin adverse reactions.
China's law on infectious disease prevention and control was first published and took effect in 1989, drawing from experiences in handling the hepatitis A epidemic in Shanghai.
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