n.黄质；黄嘌呤；黄尿环；二羟嘌呤

Xanthine is a purine base found in DNA and RNA, as well as in some food products.
茶碱是一种存在于DNA和RNA中，以及在某些食品产品中的嘌呤碱基。
Caffeine is derived from xanthine alkaloids and has stimulating effects on the central nervous system.
咖啡因是由黄嘌呤生物碱衍生出来的，对中枢神经系统有刺激作用。
Theobromine, a xanthine alkaloid, is a naturally occurring stimulant found in chocolate.
可可碱是一种黄嘌呤生物碱，是巧克力中自然存在的兴奋剂。
Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and then to uric acid.
黄嘌呤氧化酶是一种催化次黄嘌呤氧化为黄嘌呤，进而转化为尿酸的酶。
Excessive production or reduced excretion of xanthine can lead to a medical condition called xanthinuria.
过度产生或减少排出黄嘌呤可能导致一种称为黄嘌呤尿症的疾病。
In patients with gout, high levels of xanthine can accumulate due to impaired xanthine oxidase activity.
在痛风患者中，由于黄嘌呤氧化酶活性受损，可能会导致高浓度的黄嘌呤积聚。
Xanthine derivatives like allopurinol are used to treat hyperuricemia by inhibiting the production of uric acid from xanthine.
类似别嘌醇这样的黄嘌呤衍生物通过抑制黄嘌呤生成尿酸来治疗高尿酸血症。
The structure of xanthine closely resembles that of guanine, another purine derivative crucial for nucleic acid synthesis.
黄嘌呤的结构与核苷酸合成中至关重要的另一种嘌呤衍生物——鸟嘌呤非常相似。
A deficiency in xanthine dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in xanthine metabolism, may result in increased risk of xanthine stones.
缺乏参与黄嘌呤代谢的酶——黄嘌呤脱氢酶，可能导致形成黄嘌呤结石的风险增加。
During ATP degradation, hypoxanthine is produced first, which can be converted to xanthine and eventually to uric acid via xanthine oxidase.
在ATP降解过程中首先产生次黄嘌呤，它可以通过黄嘌呤氧化酶转化为黄嘌呤，最终转化为尿酸。