Chromosomes contain the genetic information of an organism.
染色体包含有机体的遗传信息。
Each human cell has 46
chromosomes, organized into 23 pairs.
每个人类细胞有46条染色体，成对组织成23对。
The X and Y
chromosomes determine the sex of an individual.
X和Y染色体决定个体的性别。
Down syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra copy of
chromosome 21.
唐氏综合症是由第21号染色体多出一条副本引起的。
Chromosome abnormalities can lead to genetic disorders and diseases.
染色体异常可能导致遗传性疾病。
During meiosis, homologous
chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material.
在减数分裂过程中，同源染色体会配对并交换遗传物质。
Genetic testing can identify missing or duplicated segments on
chromosomes.
遗传测试可以识别染色体上缺失或重复的片段。
The structure of a
chromosome includes two telomeres at the ends and a centromere in the middle.
染色体的结构包括两端的端粒和中间的着丝粒。
Inherited traits, such as eye color, are determined by genes located on specific
chromosomes.
由特定染色体上的基因决定的遗传特征，如眼睛颜色。
Scientists use karyotyping to visualize and analyze the size, shape, and number of
chromosomes in a cell.
科学家使用核型分析来观察和分析细胞中染色体的大小、形状和数量。
"Within the range, NIPT can detect 99 percent of abnormalcy," said Peng Zhiyu, general manager of its maternal health department, but he also admitted the method is still a screening test, unlike the traditional prenatal diagnostic methods such as chromosome analysis through amniocentesis.
It also admitted 70 infants with abnormal chromosome conditions were born due for different reasons and insurance was provided for these families.