六级Americans should look past the gender rhetoric and consider what these Scandinavians have achieved.

美国人应该通过性别修辞，考虑这些斯堪的纳维亚人所取得的成就。

2014年6月阅读原文

六级As you acquire a distinctive identity, your attitudes are further refined by the behavior of those with whom you identify—your family, those of your gender and culture, and the people you admire, even though you may not know them personally.

当你获得一种独特的身份时，你的态度会随着那些你认同你的家庭、你的性别和文化的人以及你崇拜的人的行为而进一步完善，即使你可能并不认识他们。

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

四级Larry Cahill, an American neuroscientist, said the study is an important addition to a growing body of research questioning traditional beliefs about gender and brain function.

美国神经学家拉里·卡希尔（Larry Cahill）表示，这项研究是对越来越多质疑性别和大脑功能传统观念的研究的重要补充。

2016年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

四级But he cautioned against concluding from this study that all brains are the same, regardless of gender.

但他警告不要从这项研究中得出结论，即所有大脑都是相同的，不管性别如何。

2016年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

四级Even so, relatively few young women 15% say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.

即便如此，相对较少的年轻女性（15%）表示她们在工作中因性别而受到歧视。

2018年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

四级Even so, relatively few young women 16% say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.

即便如此，相对较少的年轻女性（16%）表示她们在工作中因性别而受到歧视。

2018年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

考研Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.

我们阅读的地点和时间、性别、种族、年龄和社会阶层等因素会鼓励我们进行某些解读，但同时也会模糊甚至封闭其他解读。

2015年考研阅读原文

六级they have enjoyed the protection of government agencies with titles like the Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality and the Secretariat of Gender Research.

他们享有政府机构的保护，这些机构的头衔包括融合和两性平等部以及性别研究秘书处。

2014年6月阅读原文

六级in a 2012 report,the World Economic Forum found that when it comes to closing the gender gap in"economic participation and opportunity,"the United States is ahead of not only Sweden but also Finland,Denmark,the Netherlands,Iceland,Germany,and the United Kingdom

世界经济论坛（World Economic Forum）在2012年的一份报告中发现，在缩小“经济参与和机会”方面的性别差距方面，美国不仅领先于瑞典，还领先于芬兰、丹麦、荷兰、冰岛、德国和英国

2014年6月阅读原文

四级Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms.

此外，考虑到传统的性别规范，母亲可能会比父亲更经常地看望孩子。

2019年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

四级Daphna Joel, who led the study, said her research found that while there are some gender-based similarities, many different types of brain can't always be distinguished by gender.

领导这项研究的Daphna Joel说，她的研究发现，尽管存在一些基于性别的相似性，但许多不同类型的大脑并不总是能够通过性别来区分。

2016年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

四级Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender.

在年轻人中，生活安排因性别而异。

2019年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

六级They were the pioneers of gender equity, in their useful, adaptable clothing, which was both made for the masses and capable of self-expression.

她们是两性平等的先驱，穿着实用、适应性强的服装，既适合大众穿着，又能自我表达。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级There are a few aspects about gender role formation which social learning theories fail to explain.

社会学习理论未能解释性别角色形成的几个方面。

2013年6月阅读原文

四级They were all edited for gender and other identifying information, so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowing the gender of the student.

他们都被编辑了性别和其他识别信息，因此Dutt和她的团队可以在不知道学生性别的情况下给他们打分。

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

六级Regarding gender role building, social learning theories attach greater importance to socialization in one's childhood than in their adulthood or later life.

关于性别角色的建立，社会学习理论更重视儿童时期的社会化，而不是成人期或以后的生活。

2013年6月阅读原文

六级The image which also contained novel descriptions of ants, fascinated a European audience that was more concerned with the exotic story unfolding before them than the gender of the person who painted it.

这幅图像还包含了对蚂蚁的新奇描述，吸引了欧洲观众，他们更关心展现在他们面前的异国情调故事，而不是画画人的性别。

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

考研Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity, remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feel good but do little to help average women.

下次有人把公司配额作为促进性别平等的一种方式来推行时，请记住，这些政策基本上是自私自利的措施，让赞助者感觉良好，但对普通女性几乎没有帮助。

2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goals of 40 per cent female board membership.

雷丁邀请公司签署性别均衡目标，即女性董事会成员占40%。

2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Let us hope these do not include banning gender pronouns,policing children's play, implementing more gender quotas, or treating women's special attachment to home and family as a social injustice.

让我们希望这些措施不包括禁止性别代词、监管儿童游戏、实施更多性别配额，或将妇女对家庭和家庭的特殊依恋视为社会不公。

2014年6月阅读原文

六级A 2012 press release from Statistics Sweden bears the title "Gender Equality in Sweden Treading(踩)Water" and notes: 1、The total income from employment for all ages is lower for women than for men

瑞典统计局（Statistics Sweden）2012年发布的新闻稿标题为“瑞典的两性平等”(踩)水”和注释：1、所有年龄段的女性就业总收入低于男性

2014年6月阅读原文

考研Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice shows up: The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry while the woman must wait ten months.

离婚的人可能会再婚，但性别偏见会显现出来：离婚的男性在再婚前没有等待期，而女性则必须等待十个月。

2016年考研真题（英语一）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

六级At home, children usually learn about gender differences by observing and imitating their parents' behavior.

在家里，孩子们通常通过观察和模仿父母的行为来了解性别差异。

2013年6月阅读原文

四级A new study challenges that belief, questioning whether brains really can be distinguished by gender.

一项新的研究挑战了这一信念，质疑大脑是否真的可以通过性别来区分。

2016年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A

四级Beyond gender, young adults' living arrangements differ considerably by education—which is tied to financial means.

除了性别之外，年轻人的生活安排因受教育程度的不同而有很大差异，而教育程度与经济状况有关。

2019年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

四级As in many other fields, gender bias is widespread in the sciences.

与其他许多领域一样，性别偏见在科学界也很普遍。

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

四级Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level.

相反，重点是利用这项研究的结果，就隐性性别偏见展开有意义的对话，无论是在部门层面、机构层面，甚至是学科层面。

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

考研Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards.

要求公司将性别作为董事会成员的主要资格将不可避免地导致经验不足的私营部门董事会。

2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级They were the pioneers of gender equity, in their useful, adaptable clothing, which was both made for the masses and capable of self expression.

她们是两性平等的先驱，穿着实用、适应性强的服装，既适合大众穿着，又能自我表达。

2017年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

四级Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses.

性别规范和社会对护理的期望可能使男性更难为患病配偶提供护理。

2019年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

考研A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.

马萨诸塞州参议员杰森·刘易斯（Jason Lewis）和众议院临时议长帕特里夏·哈达德（Patricia Haddad）为确保董事会和委员会的“性别平等”而提出的两项法案就是一个很好的例子。

2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Countries with the highest scores tend to be clustered in the West, where gender discrimination is against the law, and equal rights are constitutionally enshrined(神圣化).

得分最高的国家往往集中在西方，那里的性别歧视是违法的，宪法规定了平等权利(神圣化).

2013年12月阅读原文

六级It is a society well worth studying,and its efforts to conquer the gender gap impart a vital lesson—though not the lesson the Swedes had in mind。

这是一个非常值得研究的社会，它克服性别差距的努力给我们上了重要的一课，尽管这不是瑞典人想要的一课

2014年6月阅读原文

六级As with many gender gaps, differences in emotionality tend to be small, inconsistent, and dependent on the situation.

与许多性别差异一样，情绪上的差异往往很小，不一致，并且取决于具体情况。

2010年12月阅读原文

考研Epley found no significant gender difference in responses.

艾普利在回答中没有发现显著的性别差异。

2014年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Reinforcement occurs when we receive direct or indirect rewards or punishments for particular gender role behaviors.

当我们因特定的性别角色行为而受到直接或间接的奖励或惩罚时，就会发生强化。

2013年6月阅读原文

六级We learn from Paragraph 2 that reinforcement, whether direct or indirect, can help increase children's awareness of gender roles

我们从第2段了解到，无论是直接还是间接的强化，都有助于提高儿童对性别角色的认识

2013年6月阅读原文

六级Even when children are not directly rewarded or punished for "behaving like boys" or "behaving like girls," they learn about gender by watching who does what in their families.

即使孩子们没有因为“表现得像男孩”或“表现得像女孩”而受到直接奖励或惩罚，他们也会通过观察谁在家里做了什么来了解性别。

2013年6月阅读原文

六级consciousness raising, and non-sexist child rearing would close the gender divide once and for all.

提高意识和无性别歧视的育儿方式将一劳永逸地弥合性别鸿沟。

2014年6月阅读原文

六级Look at any global survey of gender equality and Sweden will be near the top.

看看任何一项关于性别平等的全球调查，瑞典将接近榜首。

2014年6月阅读原文

六级How can it be that societies like Sweden,where gender equality is vigorously pursued and enforced,have fewer female managers,executives,professionals,and business owners than eh laissez-faire(自由放任的)united states

像瑞典这样大力追求和实施性别平等的社会，女性经理、高管、专业人士和企业主怎么会比eh自由放任更少(自由放任的)美国

2014年6月阅读原文

考研And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist.

而细分市场最简单的方法之一就是扩大性别差异——或者在以前不存在的地方发明性别差异。

2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级How can it be that societies like Sweden,where gender equality is vigorously pursued and enforced,have fewer female managers,executives,professionals,and business owners than eh laissez-faire(自由放任的)united states?

像瑞典这样大力追求和实施性别平等的社会，女性经理、高管、专业人士和企业主怎么会比eh自由放任更少(自由放任的)美国

2014年6月阅读原文

六级Countries with the highest scores tend to be clustered in the West, where gender discrimination is against the law, and equal rights are constitutionally enshrined(神圣化)

得分最高的国家往往集中在西方，那里的性别歧视是违法的，宪法规定了平等权利(神圣化)

2013年12月阅读原文

六级After my book was published, I met several developmental and cognitive psychologists whose work was addressing gender and education from different angles, and we published a peer-reviewed Education Forum piece in Science magazine with the provocative title, "The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Education. "

我的书出版后，我遇到了几位发展和认知心理学家，他们的工作是从不同的角度解决性别和教育问题，我们在《科学》杂志上发表了一篇经过同行评审的教育论坛文章，标题很有煽动性，“单一性教育的伪科学”

2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

六级A 2012 press release from Statistics Sweden bears the title “Gender Equality in Sweden Treading (踩) Water” and notes: The total income from employment for all ages is lower for women than for men.

瑞典统计局2012年发布的一份新闻稿标题为“瑞典的性别平等问题”(踩) 水”和注意事项：

2014年6月大学英语六级考试真题（一）

六级The use of deferential (敬重的) language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan.

恭顺的用法(敬重的) 语言象征着儒家的女性理想，这种理想支配着日本保守的性别规范。

2007年6月英语六级真题

四级My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics.

我的每一项成就——工作、研究论文、奖项——都是从性别的角度来看待的(性别) 政治

2007年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues.

我花了10年的时间才找回19岁时的自信，并意识到我不想处理性别问题。

2007年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender .

“在他的案例中，这种盲目性与文化无关，而是与性别有关。

2009年6月英语四级考试真题

四级“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .

“我从课堂上学到，我需要向所有候选人介绍全方位的职责、责任和期望，让他们做出明智的决定，而不是将我的性别偏见强加给这种情况。

2009年6月英语四级考试真题

四级Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with 57% of Millennial men.

在千禧一代女性中，75%的人表示，这个国家需要继续做出改变，以实现工作场所的性别平等，而千禧一代男性中这一比例为57%。

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)

四级Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.

即便如此，相对较少的年轻女性（15%）表示她们在工作中因性别而受到歧视。

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)

四级The gender gap on this question is even wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that go with work and motherhood.

在这个问题上，30多岁和40多岁的职场成年人的性别差距更大，因为许多女性面临着工作和做母亲的权衡。

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)

四级“Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses,” Karraker said.

Karraker说：“性别规范和社会对护理的期望使男性更难为生病的配偶提供护理。”。

2019年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级Beyond gender, young adult’s living arrangements differ considerable by education—which is tied to financial means.

除了性别之外，年轻人的生活安排也因教育而有很大差异，而教育又与经济手段有关。

2019年6月大学英语四级真题（第2套）

四级While the continued gender penalty in the labor market is frustrating, our finding that misperceived weight does not harm workers is more heartening.

虽然劳动力市场上持续的性别惩罚令人沮丧，但我们发现，被误解的体重不会伤害工人，这一发现更令人振奋。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans cant come up with $ 400 in an emergency is a commonly cited sta-tistic for good reason: economic instability stretches across race, gender,and geography.

但是，十分之四的美国人在紧急情况下拿不出400美元，这是一个经常被引用的统计数字，理由很充分：经济不稳定涉及种族、性别和地理。

2020年12月大学英语四级真题（第2套）

四级Those extemal factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimina-tion based on race,gender, or ability.

这些外部因素包括低工资工作带来的困难或基于种族、性别或能力的结构性歧视。

2020年12月大学英语四级真题（第2套）

考研If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

如果真的这样做了，它将开放其多样性计划，现在只关注种族和性别，并寻找在观点、价值观、教育和阶级方面存在广泛差异的记者。

2001年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题