n.肾单位

Each nephron is a functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering waste products from the blood.
每个肾单位是肾脏中负责过滤血液中废物的功能性单元。
The glomerulus, a network of tiny blood vessels in the nephron, filters blood to remove excess ions and fluids.
肾单位中的毛细血管球网络（glomerulus）滤过血液，去除过多的离子和水分。
The tubules, running through the nephron, reabsorb essential nutrients back into the bloodstream.
贯穿肾单位的管腔重新吸收血液中的必需营养物质。
The loop of Henle, a specific part of the nephron, helps regulate blood pressure by controlling the concentration of urine.
亨利氏袢（Loop of Henle），肾单位中的特殊部分，通过控制尿液浓度来调节血压。
Nephrons produce urine, which is eventually eliminated from the body through the ureter.
肾单位产生尿液，最终通过输尿管排出体外。
The function of nephrons is regulated by hormones like aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.
肾单位的功能由醛固酮和抗利尿激素等激素进行调节。
In kidney disease, damage to nephrons can lead to decreased filtration and retention of waste products.
在肾病中，肾单位的损伤可能导致过滤功能下降和废物积聚。
The nephron's role in maintaining electrolyte balance is crucial for overall body function.
肾单位维持电解质平衡对全身功能至关重要。
The process of filtration in a nephron is known as glomerular filtration.
在肾单位中，滤过过程被称为肾小球滤过。
Kidney failure occurs when the nephrons can no longer effectively filter waste due to chronic kidney disease.
慢性肾病导致肾单位无法有效滤过废物时，就会发生肾衰竭。