考研Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most egregiously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.

改革遭到了强烈反对，也许最令人震惊的是在教育领域，特许学校、学院和绩效工资都面临着旷日持久的斗争。

2012年考研阅读原文

高考More efforts, as reported, will be made in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.

据报道，未来几年将做出更多努力，加快供给侧结构性改革。

2016年高考英语江苏卷 单项填空 原文

六级Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly.

富裕国家的政府现在承认，他们的养老金和医疗保障承诺很快将变得难以负担，其中许多国家已经开始了改革，但迄今为止只是小心翼翼。

2010年12月阅读原文

六级That conclusion was reinforced by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that fiscal burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which curbed immigrants' access to certain benefits

这一结论得到了另一项研究结果的支持：当财政负担减轻时，他们的反对似乎有所软化，就像20世纪90年代的福利改革一样，福利改革限制了移民获得某些福利

2011年6月阅读原文

六级However, once China began embracing free-market reforms in the 1980s, followed by India in the 1990s, both countries achieved rapid growth.

然而，一旦中国在20世纪80年代开始接受自由市场改革，印度在20世纪90年代紧随其后，两国都实现了快速增长。

2012年6月阅读原文

考研In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.

1968年，美国国会通过了《陪审团选拔和服务法》，开创了陪审团民主改革的新时代。

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened.

20年来，求职和福利管理体系的改革似乎从未发生过。

2014年考研阅读原文

六级The 28 existence of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession, rapidly leads adolescents to become 29 intolerant of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way.

这种理想的存在，没有改变工作或职业的现实，很快导致青少年对非理想世界产生不容忍，并以典型的青少年方式推动改革。

2016年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

六级The Senate bill would create an independent commission to monitor the pilot programs and recommend changes in Medicare's payment policies to urge providers to adopt reforms that work.

参议院法案将设立一个独立委员会来监督试点项目，并建议修改医疗保险的支付政策，以敦促医疗机构采取有效的改革措施。

2016年6月阅读原文

六级the proposed reforms will affect too many people's interests

拟议的改革将影响太多人的利益

2010年12月阅读原文

六级One reason why pension and health care reforms are slow in coming is that politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election.

养老金和医疗改革进展缓慢的一个原因是政客们害怕在下次选举中失去选票。

2010年12月阅读原文

高考Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform.

一些学校将不得不根据国家足球改革做出调整。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 单项填空 原文

四级On the other side are parents like Mike jia, one of the thousands of Asian-American professionals who have moved to the district in the past decade,who said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumbing down,"of his children's education.

另一方是像迈克·贾这样的家长，他是过去十年中搬到该区的数千名亚裔美国人专业人士之一，他说阿德霍尔德的改革将相当于他的孩子教育的“减速”。

2018年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

考研If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform.

如果这项措施在众议院获得通过，那么它仍必须在参议院获得通过，在参议院一定会有人指出，这是维持邮政服务正常运行所必需的最低限度，而不是全面改革。

2018年考研阅读原文

六级That conclusion was reinforced by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that fiscal burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which curbed immigrants' access to certain benefits.

这一结论得到了另一项研究结果的支持：当财政负担减轻时，他们的反对似乎有所软化，就像20世纪90年代的福利改革一样，福利改革限制了移民获得某些福利。

2011年6月阅读原文

考研The subtle and intelligent little book The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree.

每一个想申请博士学位的学生都应该读一本精妙而聪明的小书《思想市场：美国大学的改革与抵制》。

2011年考研阅读原文

六级The good news is that a bill just approved by the House and a bill approved by the Senate Finance Committee would implement or test many reforms that should help slow the rise in medical costs over the long term.

好消息是，众议院刚刚通过的一项法案和参议院财政委员会批准的一项法案将实施或测试许多改革，这些改革将有助于长期减缓医疗成本的上升。

2016年6月阅读原文

考研Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.

然而，其报告可能会掩盖国会要求其阐明的挑战的深度和广度，从而阻碍改革。

2014年考研阅读原文

考研This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.

这就是为什么近年来立法改革屡屡失败的原因，使得邮政部门无法支付账单，除非推迟重要的现代化。

2018年考研阅读原文

考研If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate-where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform.

如果这项措施在众议院获得通过，那么它仍必须在参议院获得通过，在参议院一定会有人指出，这是维持邮政服务正常运行所必需的最低限度，而不是全面改革。

2018年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研“We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness.

“我们之所以这样做，是因为我们知道它们帮助人们远离福利，帮助那些享受福利的人更快地投入工作”帮助？真正地在第一次听证会上，这是一位关心社会的财政大臣，他试图让生活变得更好，并通过“改革”建立了一个明显放纵的制度，这一制度要求新失业者找工作的努力太少，并且补贴懒惰。

2014年考研阅读原文

考研On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with "reforms" to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness.

在第一次听证会上，这是一位关心社会的财政大臣，他试图让生活变得更好，并通过“改革”建立了一个明显放纵的制度，这一制度要求新失业者找工作的努力太少，并且补贴懒惰。

2014年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level.

即将到来的改革可能会使价格达到更合理的水平。

2017年考研阅读原文

考研The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorising “off-plan” building where local people might object.

保守党的规划改革明确将农村发展置于保护之上，甚至批准了当地人可能反对的“非计划”建筑。

2016年考研阅读原文

考研The Conservatives' planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorising "off-plan" building where local people might object.

保守党的规划改革明确将农村发展置于保护之上，甚至批准了当地人可能反对的“非计划”建筑。

2016年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business.

许多美国人开始相信科学确定性不仅能解决科学问题，还能改革政治、政府和商业。

2010年12月阅读原文

考研Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most notoriously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.

改革遭到强烈反对，也许最臭名昭著的是在教育领域，特许学校、学院和绩效工资都面临着旷日持久的斗争。

2012年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

高考We urge congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform.

我们敦促国会在推进移民改革的同时加强农田保护。

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

六级When the health insurance industry was still cooperating in reform efforts, its trade group offered to provide standardized forms for automated processing.

当医疗保险行业仍在合作进行改革时，其贸易集团提出提供自动化处理的标准化表格。

2016年6月阅读原文

四级Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands.

50年前，它们是教育改革的最新成果：规模庞大、现代化的郊区高中，学生人数已达数千人。

2012年6月阅读原文

四级To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.

为罪犯创造改造自己的机会。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级That's why school reform is so critical.

这就是为什么学校改革如此关键。

2016年6月阅读原文

六级They indicate the future direction of media reform.

它们指明了媒体改革的未来方向。

2016年6月阅读原文

四级It is harder to predict how Mr Obama's proposed reforms to the failing health-care system will turn out.

很难预测奥巴马先生提出的对失败的医疗体系的改革会有什么结果。

2013年6月阅读原文

考研Last year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests.

去年，一个联邦特别工作组敦促改革与基因测试相关的专利。

2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Reform and Medical Costs Americans are deeply concerned about the relentless rise in health care costs and health insurance premiums.

改革与医疗成本

2016年6月大学英语六级第2套真题

四级While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states—at least in getting people off welfare.

尽管福利改革仍处于早期阶段，但在许多州已经被认为是巨大的成功——至少在让人们摆脱福利方面是如此。

2000年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级“The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities.

“改变低收入社区道德氛围的改革。

2000年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Even the strongest supporters of the reform movement concede that the task of raising achievement among disadvantaged students is hard work.

即使是改革运动最坚定的支持者也承认，提高弱势学生成绩的任务是艰巨的。

2012年12月大学英语四级真题(3)

四级It’s unlikely that we can build large-scale school reform on a platform of continual new demands on teachers — more time, more energy, more devotion, more responsibility — even if schools find ways to pay them better.

我们不太可能在对教师不断提出新要求的平台上进行大规模的学校改革——更多的时间、更多的精力、更多的奉献精神、更多的责任感——即使学校找到了更好的薪酬方式。

2012年12月大学英语四级真题(3)

四级It is harder to predict how Mr Obama’s proposed reforms to the failing health-care system will turn out.

很难预测奥巴马先生提出的对失败的医疗体系的改革将如何发展。

2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)

四级On the other side are parents like Mike Jia, one of the thousands of Asian-American professionals who have moved to the district in the past decade, who said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumbing down" of his children's education.

另一方面是像Mike Jia这样的家长，他是过去十年里搬到该地区的数千名亚裔美国专业人士之一，他说Aderhold的改革将相当于“降低”他孩子的教育水平。

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)

四级The change to the program, in which 90 percent of the participating students are Asian-American, is one of Aderhold's reforms.

该项目的改变是阿德霍尔德的改革之一，90%的参与学生是亚裔美国人。

2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)

四级Owing to China’s reform and opening-up, an increasing number of parents can study abroad or participate in international exchange programs to broaden their horizons.

由于中国的改革开放，越来越多的家长可以出国留学或参加国际交流项目以拓宽视野。

2019年12月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级Since the adoption of sweeping education reforms in 2001, public schools have steadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for standardized tests.

自2001年通过全面的教育改革以来，公立学校稳步增加了用于准备标准化考试的时间。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

考研An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform.

一条无形的边界将那些代表学生职业前景在课堂上使用计算机的人与那些出于激进教育改革的更广泛原因在课堂上用计算机的人区分开来。

1999年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.

去年，时任教育大臣的濑户光夫（Mitsuo Setoyama）辩称，二战后美国占领当局推行的自由主义改革削弱了“日本尊重父母的道德”，这让人大跌眼镜。

2000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms.

例如，在阿根廷，在20世纪90年代初的改革之后，跨国公司占200家最大公司工业生产的比例从43%上升到近70%。

2001年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.

《左后卫：一个失败的学校改革世纪》追溯了我们学校中反智主义的根源，得出的结论是，它们绝不能抵消美国人对智力追求的厌恶。

2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题