n.单宁，单宁酸，鞣质

Tannins are naturally occurring compounds found in many plants, especially in the bark and leaves of trees.
单宁是许多植物中天然存在的化合物，尤其是在树木的树皮和叶子中。
The astringency in red wine is largely due to its high tannin content.
红酒的收敛性主要归因于其高单宁含量。
Tannins help protect plants from being eaten by insects and animals.
单宁有助于保护植物免受昆虫和动物的啃食。
Oak barrels used for aging wine can add tannins to the final product.
用于陈年葡萄酒的橡木桶可以为最终产品增添单宁。
The tannins in tea can cause stains on teeth if consumed excessively.
如果过量饮用，茶叶中的单宁会导致牙齿染色。
Leather tanning involves the use of tannins to make the rawhide more durable.
制革过程中会使用单宁来使生皮变得更耐用。
Some fruits, like persimmons, contain high levels of tannins that can make them unpalatable when unripe.
一些水果，如柿子，在未成熟时含有高浓度的单宁，可能使其口感不佳。
Tannins are also used in the treatment of water to remove impurities.
单宁也用于水处理以去除杂质。
The tannins in oak tree bark were historically used to treat skin conditions and wounds.
橡树皮中的单宁在过去常用于治疗皮肤病和伤口。
In traditional medicine, tannins have been used as natural astringents and anti-inflammatory agents.
在传统医学中，单宁被用作天然收敛剂和抗炎药。