酪氨酸

Tyrosine is an amino acid essential for the production of certain hormones and neurotransmitters in the body.
苯丙氨酸是一种必需氨基酸，对于体内某些激素和神经递质的生成至关重要。
The enzyme tyrosinase plays a critical role in melanin synthesis in plants and animals.
酪氨酸酶在植物和动物的黑色素合成过程中起着关键作用。
Tyrosine kinases are a class of enzymes that regulate various cellular processes by adding phosphate groups to tyrosine residues on proteins.
酪氨酸激酶是一类通过向蛋白质上的酪氨酸残基添加磷酸基团来调节各种细胞过程的酶。
Some medications used to treat hyperthyroidism, such as methimazole, can inhibit the conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) by reducing the availability of tyrosine.
用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进的一些药物（如甲硫咪唑）可以通过降低酪氨酸的可用性来抑制甲状腺素(T4)转化为三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)。
Caffeine can block adenosine receptors in the brain, leading to increased levels of dopamine and norepinephrine due to the release of stored tyrosine.
咖啡因可以阻断大脑中的腺苷受体，从而由于储存的酪氨酸释放导致多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素水平增加。
L-Tyrosine supplements may help improve cognitive function under stress or sleep deprivation conditions.
L-苯丙氨酸补充剂可能有助于减轻压力或睡眠不足条件下的认知功能下降。
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder characterized by the inability to break down phenylalanine into tyrosine, leading to toxic accumulation in the blood and brain.
苯酮尿症(PKU)是一种遗传性疾病，其特征为无法将苯丙氨酸分解成酪氨酸，进而导致血液和脑部毒性物质堆积。
Tyrosine phosphorylation is a common post-translational modification in signal transduction pathways.
酪氨酸磷酸化是信号传导途径中常见的翻译后修饰过程。
Melanoma cells often exhibit increased expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met, which contributes to their aggressive behavior.
黑色素瘤细胞通常表现出c-Met受体酪氨酸激酶表达增多，这对其侵袭性行为有所贡献。
Parkinson's disease patients have decreased levels of dopamine due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which rely on tyrosine as a precursor.
帕金森病患者由于黑质中依赖酪氨酸作为前体的多巴胺能神经元退变而导致多巴胺水平下降。