六级Abolish the patent law concerning genetically engineered seeds.
废除有关基因工程种子的专利法。
2013年12月阅读原文
考研Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.
对商业方法权利主张的限制将是一个戏剧性的转变，因为是联邦巡回法院本身在1998年所谓的“州街银行案”的判决中引入了这类专利，该判决批准了一项以汇集共同基金资产为方式的专利。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents'monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's.
批评家们对基因专利提出了三个主要论点：基因是自然的产物，所以它可能没有专利；基因专利抑制创新而不是奖励创新；专利的垄断限制了像Myriad这样的基因检测。
2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级Monsanto accused Bowman of patent infringement and won an $84,456 damage award
孟山都公司指控鲍曼侵犯专利权，并获得84456美元的损害赔偿金
2013年12月阅读原文
考研The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Count that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders.
联邦巡回法院的行动是在最高法院最近作出一系列决定之后作出的，这些决定缩小了对专利持有人的保护范围。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研The Federal circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders.
联邦巡回法院的这一行动是在最高法院最近做出一系列决定之后做出的，这些决定缩小了对专利持有人的保护范围。
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
考研Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch.
后来，移动老牌公司争先恐后地将这些专利添加到他们的档案中，如果只是为了防御可能让他们陷入困境的竞争对手。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Later, more established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.
后来，更多的老牌公司争先恐后地将这些专利添加到他们的档案中，哪怕只是为了防御可能会击败他们的竞争对手。
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级Part of the problem is that almost two decades after Amazon filed the one-click patent, the online retail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions.
部分问题在于，在亚马逊申请一键式专利近20年后，在线零售购物和购买体验充满了摩擦。
2019年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B
考研Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago.
现在，国家最高专利法院似乎完全准备缩减商业方法专利，自10年前首次授权以来，商业方法专利一直备受争议。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized I0 years ago.
现在，国家最高专利法院似乎完全准备缩减商业方法专利，自10年前首次授权以来，商业方法专利一直备受争议。
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
考研Companies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules - most are already patented or in the public domain.
公司不太可能为人类DNA分子申请更多的专利——大多数已经获得专利或在公共领域。
2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
考研wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.
韦格纳是乔治华盛顿大学法学院的专利律师和教授。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.
联邦巡回上诉法院表示，它将利用一个具体案例对商业方法专利进行广泛审查。
2010年考研阅读原文
六级Whether patent for living things applies to their later generations.
生物专利是否适用于其后代。
2013年12月阅读原文
考研Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious.
例如，去年4月，大法官们表示，太多的专利因显而易见的“发明”而得到支持。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Last April, for example, the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious.
例如，去年4月，大法官们表示，太多的专利因显而易见的“发明”而得到支持。
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级But Bowman's supporters argue that Monsanto is trying to expand the scope of patents in ways that would enrich big corporations and hurt small farmers
但鲍曼的支持者辩称，孟山都正试图扩大专利的范围，以使大公司致富并伤害小农户
2013年12月阅读原文
六级Monsanto argues that its patents extend to later generations.
孟山都辩称，它的专利延伸到后代。
2013年12月阅读原文
考研Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.
类似地，一些华尔街投资电影在法庭上反对金融产品专利的同时，也为自己配备了金融产品专利。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Curbs on business - method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual- fund as
对商业方法专利的限制将是一个戏剧性的转变，因为是联邦巡回法院本身在1998年所谓的“州街银行案”的判决中引入了这类专利，批准了一项以共同基金为基础的专利
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
考研In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them.
2005年，IBM在一份法庭文件中指出，尽管它质疑授予商业方法专利的法律依据，但它已经获得了300多项商业方法专利。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents, despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them.
2005年，IBM在一份法庭文件中指出，它已经获得了300多项商业方法专利，尽管它质疑授予这些专利的法律依据。
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级It is imperative to protect scientists' patents.
保护科学家的专利势在必行。
2017年6月阅读原文
考研A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision, ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed hold patents to two genes that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer.
一家联邦上诉法院推翻了先前的判决，裁定Myriad Genetics可能确实拥有两种基因的专利，这两种基因有助于预测女性患乳腺癌的风险。
2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
考研That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions.
这一裁决导致商业方法专利申请激增，最初是新兴互联网公司试图对特定类型的在线交易授予独家权利。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods Amazon.
在过去的十年中，亚马逊已经为所谓的商业方法授予了数千项专利。
2010年考研阅读原文
考研Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods.
在过去的十年中，数千项专利被授予所谓的商业方法。
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
考研The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market.
比尔斯基案涉及一项在能源市场对冲风险的方法专利。
2010年考研阅读原文
六级The central issue in the case is whether patent rights to living things extend to the progeny of those things.
本案的核心问题是生物的专利权是否延伸到这些生物的后代。
2013年12月阅读原文
六级They are also hoping the court's ruling will rein in patent law, which is increasingly being used to claim new life forms as private property.
他们还希望法院的裁决将限制专利法，专利法正越来越多地被用来声称新的生命形式是私有财产。
2013年12月阅读原文
考研The BIO recently held a convention which included sessions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents.
BIO最近召开了一次会议，其中包括就专利领域的变化对律师进行指导。
2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级This type of robot will likely be one of the first to be implemented in hospitals because it has fairly minimal patent contact.
这种类型的机器人可能是第一批在医院实施的机器人之一，因为它与专利的接触非常少。
2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C
六级But Monsanto, the agricultural giant, insists it has a patent on the kind of genetically modified seeds Bowman used―and that the patent continues to all of the progeny (后代)of those seeds.
但农业巨头孟山都坚称，它拥有鲍曼使用的那种转基因种子的专利，而且该专利将继续适用于所有后代(后代)那些种子的种子。
2013年12月阅读原文
六级But Bowman's supporters argue that Monsanto is trying to expand the scope of patents in ways that would enrich big corporations and hurt small farmers.
但鲍曼的支持者辩称，孟山都正试图扩大专利范围，以使大公司致富并伤害小农户。
2013年12月阅读原文
六级This case gives the court an opportunity to rein in the growing use of patents to protect genetically engineered crops and other life forms―but the court may well use it to give this trend a powerful new endorsement.
本案为法院提供了一个机会，以控制越来越多的专利被用于保护转基因作物和其他生命形式——但法院很可能会利用这一机会给这一趋势一个强有力的新支持。
2013年12月阅读原文
六级Have we really gotten to the point that planting a seed can lead to a high-stakes Supreme Court patent lawsuit?
我们真的到了种下一颗种子会导致高风险的最高法院专利诉讼的地步了吗？
2013年12月阅读原文
考研similarly, some Wall Street investment firms armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.
类似地，一些华尔街投资公司以金融产品专利武装自己，即使他们在法庭上反对这种做法。
2010年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
考研Companies are eager to win patents for "connecting the dots", explains Hans Sauer, a lawyer for the BIO.
该公司的律师汉斯·绍尔（Hans Sauer）解释说，公司渴望获得“连接点”的专利。
2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级Abolish the patent law concerning genetically engineered seeds
废除有关基因工程种子的专利法
2013年12月阅读原文
考研For example, it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of individual genes within it.
例如，不清楚整个基因组的测序是否违反了其中单个基因的专利。
2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级Rule against Monsanto's excessive extension of its patent rights
反对孟山都过度扩展其专利权的规则
2013年12月阅读原文
六级Monsanto argues that its patents extend to later generations
孟山都辩称，它的专利延伸到后代
2013年12月阅读原文
六级Rule against Monsanto's excessive extension of its patent rights.
反对孟山都过度扩展其专利权的规则。
2013年12月阅读原文
考研Last year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests.
去年，一个联邦特别工作组敦促改革与基因测试相关的专利。
2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
六级The central issue in the case is whether patent rights to living things extend to the progeny of those things.
本案的核心问题是生物的专利权是否延伸到这些生物的后代。
2013年12月六级考试真题（二）
六级These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and licence income.
这些大学也是博士毕业生、科学引文、专利和许可证收入份额最大的机构。
2011年12月英语六级真题
四级Patents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children.
专利对子女的严格程度各不相同。
1998年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题
考研The group had published 90 books and 1,500 articles in scientific, scholarly, and literary magazines and had collected more than 100 patents.
该组织在科学、学术和文学杂志上发表了90本书和1500篇文章，并收集了100多项专利。
1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible courses of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea secret, or patent it.
当一项发明被创造出来时，发明人有三种可能的行动方案：他可以通过出版将发明带给世界，对其想法保密，或者为其申请专利。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研A granted patent is the result of a bargain struck between an inventor and the state, by which the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly (垄断) and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period terminates.
授予的专利是发明人与国家达成协议的结果，通过该协议，发明人获得有限的垄断期(垄断) 并在该期限结束后向公众公布其发明的全部细节。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研Only in the most exceptional circumstances is the lifespan of a patent extended to alter this normal process of events.
只有在最特殊的情况下，专利的使用寿命才会延长，以改变这一正常的事件过程。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研The longest extension ever granted was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention.
有史以来延期时间最长的是乔治·瓦伦西；他1939年的彩色电视接收机电路专利被延长到1971年，因为在该专利的大部分正常使用寿命中，没有彩色电视可供接收，因此这项发明没有回报的希望。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研Because a patent remains permanently public after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the patent office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if older than half a century, sometimes even re-patent.
因为专利在终止后仍然是永久公开的，专利局附属图书馆的书架上有数百万个想法的细节，这些想法可以免费供任何人使用，如果超过半个世纪，有时甚至可以重新申请专利。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone wishing to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through live patents that the one sure way of avoiding violation of any other inventor’s right is to plagiarize a dead patent.
事实上，专利专家经常建议那些希望避免在现有专利中进行搜索的高昂成本的人，避免侵犯任何其他发明人权利的一个可靠方法是剽窃一项已失效的专利。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form permanently invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally safe to take ideas from other areas of print.
同样，由于以任何其他形式发表一个想法都会使该想法的进一步专利永久失效，因此传统上可以安全地从其他印刷领域获取想法。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研Anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most “new ideas” are, in fact, as old as the hills.
任何与专利和发明密切相关的人都会很快了解到，事实上，大多数“新想法”都是古老的。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研The basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording dates back to 1886.
磁记录理论的基本专利可以追溯到1886年。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.
即使是大众汽车的后置发动机汽车，在1904年的一项马车后部有马的专利中也是意料之中的事。
1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it.
对发明的进一步刺激来自“溢价制度”，它先于我们的专利制度，多年来与之并行。
1996年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
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