菌毛

The pilus is a hair-like structure found on the surface of certain bacteria that facilitates conjugation.
细菌表面发现的类似毛发的结构——pilus，有助于细菌之间的接合。
In Gram-negative bacteria, pili (or fimbriae) mediate attachment to host cells.
在革兰氏阴性菌中，pilus（或称纤毛）介导与宿主细胞的结合。
Pili are essential for bacterial adherence and colonization in many pathogenic organisms.
对于许多病原微生物而言，pilus对于细菌的黏附和定植至关重要。
The F-pilus is a sex pilus involved in the transfer of genetic material between bacteria.
F-pilus是一种参与细菌间遗传物质转移的性菌毛。
Some types of pili can retract, allowing bacteria to move away from unfavorable conditions.
某些类型的pilus可以缩回，使细菌能够远离不利条件。
Bacterial pili often play a key role in biofilm formation.
细菌的pilus在生物膜形成过程中常常起着关键作用。
Researchers have shown that certain pili proteins can act as antigens, triggering an immune response.
研究人员已经表明，某些pilus蛋白可以作为抗原，引发免疫反应。
The assembly of type IV pili involves complex protein-protein interactions.
类型IV pilus的组装涉及复杂的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。
Antibodies against specific pili can prevent bacterial adhesion and infection.
抗体针对特定的pilus可以防止细菌粘附和感染。
Many pathogenic bacteria use their pili to attach to specific receptors on human cells, initiating infection.
许多致病细菌利用它们的pilus附着到人体细胞上的特定受体上，从而启动感染过程。