n.济贫院，劳动救济所

原形：workhouse复数：workhouses

In the 19th century, the workhouse was a place where the poor had to go to receive assistance.
在19世纪，济贫院是穷人接受救助的地方。
The conditions in the workhouse were often harsh and oppressive, with long working hours and meager rations.
济贫院的条件通常苛刻且压抑，工作时间长，食物配给少。
Many orphans were forced to live and work in the workhouse until they reached adulthood.
许多孤儿被迫在济贫院生活和工作，直到成年。
The workhouse system was established as a means of discouraging dependency on public aid.
济贫院制度的设立是为了阻止对公共援助的依赖。
The work assigned in the workhouse was usually hard labor, such as breaking stones or farming.
济贫院分配的工作通常是重体力劳动，如砸石头或耕种。
Entry into the workhouse was often seen as a last resort for those unable to support themselves.
对于无法自给自足的人来说，进入济贫院通常被视为最后的选择。
Conditions in the workhouse were intended to be so bleak that people would prefer to find other ways to survive.
济贫院的条件设计得如此艰苦，以便人们宁愿寻找其他生存方式。
Charles Dickens' novel 'Oliver Twist' vividly portrays the grim reality of life in a workhouse.
查尔斯·狄更斯的小说《雾都孤儿》生动地描绘了济贫院生活的悲惨现实。
The workhouse system was eventually abolished in the early 20th century, replaced by more comprehensive social welfare programs.
济贫院制度最终在20世纪初被废除，取而代之的是更为全面的社会福利计划。
Despite its intention to deter poverty, the workhouse only worsened the suffering of the already marginalized population.
尽管济贫院旨在遏制贫困，但它实际上只是加剧了已经边缘化人口的苦难。