In the nuclear power plant, the reactor is the heart of the facility where nuclear fission occurs.
在核电站中，反应器是发生核裂变的核心设备。
The reactor in this chemical factory is used to catalyze the synthesis of various compounds.
这家化工厂的反应器用于催化各种化合物的合成。
After the reactor reached critical mass, the process became self-sustaining.
当反应器达到临界质量后，过程就变得自给自足了。
The reactor was shut down for routine maintenance and safety checks.
反应器因常规维护和安全检查而关闭。
Scientists are experimenting with different types of
reactors to harness sustainable energy.
科学家们正在试验不同类型的反应器以利用可再生能源。
The control rods in the reactor regulate the rate of the nuclear reaction.
反应器中的控制棒调节核反应的速度。
In case of an emergency, the reactor has a failsafe system to prevent meltdown.
在紧急情况下，反应器有防止熔毁的安全系统。
The reactor coolant helps to dissipate heat generated during the process.
反应器冷却剂有助于散发过程中产生的热量。
The new reactor design promises to be more efficient and environmentally friendly.
新的反应器设计有望更高效且对环境更友好。
The space shuttle's propulsion system includes a small nuclear reactor for extended missions.
航天飞机的推进系统包括一个小型核反应器，用于延长任务。
Among the projects that exemplified super engineering are the launch of Shenzhouxa0XVII manned spaceship, the operation of China's new-generation "artificial sun" HL-3 in the high-confinement mode under a plasma current of 1 million amperes, and the kickstart of a new nuclear power unit using Hualong One, a domestically designed third-generation nuclear reactor.
以超级工程为例的项目包括神舟0XVII号载人飞船的发射，中国新一代“人造太阳”HL-3在100万安培等离子体电流的高约束模式下的运行，以及使用国产第三代核反应堆华龙一号启动新的核动力机组。
The Shidaowan high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) nuclear power plant started commercial operations on Wednesday in Rongcheng, Shandong province, the National Energy Administration and China Huaneng Group, its lead operator, said.
国家能源局和其主要运营商中国华能集团表示，石岛湾高温气冷堆核电站于周三在山东荣成开始商业运营。
The reactor, fully developed by China with independent intellectual property rights, sourced 93.4 percent of its material domestically, China Huaneng Group said.
中国华能集团表示，该反应堆完全由中国开发，拥有自主知识产权，93.4%的材料来自国内。
The advanced reactor with a fourth-generation nuclear energy system is a key development in the field of nuclear power, Zhang said.
张说，具有第四代核能系统的先进反应堆是核能领域的一个关键发展。
It is the first nuclear power unit in the western part of the country to use Hualong One, a domestically designed third-generation nuclear reactor.
这是中国西部第一个使用国产第三代核反应堆华龙一号的核电机组。
Following years of investment in research and development across various areas of nuclear science, China has mastered the core technologies of third-generation nuclear reactors, and it has gone from a novice to expert level in the nuclear energy sector, Yu said at a news conference in Beijing.
余在北京的新闻发布会上说，经过多年对核科学各个领域的研发投资，中国已经掌握了第三代核反应堆的核心技术，在核能领域已经从新手变成了专家。
China is now exporting its domestically developed reactors and associated technologies, especially to countries and regions participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.
中国目前正在向参与“一带一路”倡议倡议的国家和地区出口本国研发的反应堆和相关技术。
EDF became the first foreign investor in Chinese nuclear power projects in 2009 via participation in the Taishan European Pressurized Water Reactor (EPR) nuclear power plant, which is led by Taishan Nuclear Power Joint Venture Co, a company founded by State-owned China General Nuclear Power Group (51 percent), EDF (30 percent) and Guangdong Energy Group (19 percent).
2009年，法国电力公司通过参与台山欧洲压水堆（EPR）核电站，成为中国核电项目的第一个外国投资者。该核电站由台山核电合资公司牵头，该公司由国有的中国通用核电集团（51%）、法国电力公司（30%）和广东能源集团（19%）创立。
Taishan's two reactors are capable of supplying the Chinese power grid with up to 24 terawatt-hours of carbon dioxide-free electricity each year, EDF said.
法国电力公司表示，台山的两座反应堆每年能够为中国电网提供高达24太瓦时的无二氧化碳电力。
CNPE successfully launched the commercial operation of the country's domestically produced, third-generation nuclear power technology in 2021, and is now pushing for digital transformation in the design and operation of its nuclear reactor and power plants, Xu added.
徐补充道，中国核电于2021年成功启动了国内生产的第三代核电技术的商业运营，目前正在推动其核反应堆和发电厂的设计和运营数字化转型。
The plan advanced the development of CNPE's third-generation Hualong One nuclear power reactor, and allowed it to gain full proprietary intellectual property rights.
该计划推进了中国核电第三代华龙一号核电反应堆的开发，并使其获得了完全的自主知识产权。
Widely acknowledged as one of the leading third-generation nuclear power reactors in the global market, Hualong One is central to China's goals of hitting carbon peak before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060.
华龙一号被公认为全球市场领先的第三代核电反应堆之一，是中国在2030年前达到碳峰值和2060年前实现碳中和目标的核心。
"Our team is developing a gas-cooled micro reactor that can be fitted into a container on a truck," Xu said.
徐说：“我们的团队正在开发一种气冷微型反应堆，该反应堆可以安装在卡车上的容器中。”。
China's third-generation reactor with full intellectual property rights, Hualong One, has been put into commercial operation.
中国拥有完全知识产权的第三代反应堆华龙一号已投入商业运行。
More than 10 units of Hualong One, a third-generation nuclear reactor designed and manufactured in China, will be put into operation by the end of 2025, injecting fresh impetus into China's green push, said one of the technology's developers on Thursday.
华龙一号是中国设计和制造的第三代核反应堆，该技术的一位开发商周四表示，该反应堆将于2025年底投入运行，为中国的绿色发展注入新的动力。
Jointly designed by CGN and China National Nuclear Corp, two Chinese nuclear power giants, the Hualong One pressurized water nuclear reactor is seen as a big step in the development of China's homegrown third-generation nuclear power facilities.
华龙一号压水核反应堆由中国两大核电巨头中广核和中国核工业集团公司联合设计，被视为中国本土第三代核电设施发展的一大步。
However, safety of nuclear power reactors and adverse impacts once accidents occur still remain key concerns that restrict its wide installation in largely populated cities.
然而，核反应堆的安全和事故发生后的不利影响仍然是限制其在人口稠密的城市广泛安装的关键问题。
Also a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the nation's top political advisory body, Yang submitted a proposal to the CPPCC National Committee that the government should approve more than 10 units of nuclear reactors each year to ensure energy security.
杨还是中国最高政治咨询机构全国政协的委员，他向全国政协提交了一份提案，建议政府每年批准10台以上的核反应堆，以确保能源安全。
The Chinese company will be responsible for installation and construction work including screening, de-gritting, pumping station, primary clarifier, biological reactor, secondary clarifier, disinfection, sludge dewatering, odor treatment and networks.
中国公司将负责安装和施工工作，包括筛分、除砂、泵站、一沉池、生物反应器、二沉池、消毒、污泥脱水、气味处理和网络。
The K-3 Unit of the Karachi Nuclear Power Plant in Pakistan-the second overseas nuclear power unit to use China's third-generation nuclear reactor technology Hualong One-was put into operation on Monday, said its operator China National Nuclear Corp.
巴基斯坦卡拉奇核电站的K-3机组是第二个使用中国第三代核反应堆技术的海外核电机组华龙一号于周一投入运行。
It is one of the most widely accepted third-generation nuclear power reactors in the current global market.
它是当前全球市场上最被广泛接受的第三代核电反应堆之一。
Wei Hanyang, a power market analyst at BloombergNEF, said the Haiyang project is only the beginning as China has also approved a nuclear power-based heating plant in Heilongjiang province, which will be the first inland reactor not connected to a power generator.
BloombergNEF的电力市场分析师魏汉阳表示，海阳项目只是一个开始，因为中国还批准了黑龙江省的一座核供热厂，这将是第一座没有连接发电机的内陆反应堆。
China National Nuclear Corporation, the country's largest nuclear company, is looking to further develop nuclear reactors for district heating, with the country's first nuclear heating project in eastern parts of China put into operation on Dec 3.
中国最大的核公司中国核工业集团公司正在寻求进一步开发用于区域供暖的核反应堆，中国东部地区的第一个核供暖项目将于12月3日投入运行。
It is expected to provide heating on a large scale to public facilities, residential communities and industrial parks in Haiyan, according to Zhejiang Zero-Carbon Thermal Power Co Ltd. Analysts said compared to traditional thermal sources, nuclear reactors generate heat without carbon emissions and are considered a green alternative to coal-based heat.
浙江零碳热电有限公司表示，预计该项目将为海燕的公共设施、居民社区和工业园区提供大规模供暖。分析师表示，与传统热源相比，核反应堆产生的热量没有碳排放，被认为是煤层热的绿色替代品。
"This plant, whose capacity is enough to serve eight regular nuclear reactors, will help China secure future fuel resources and reward both countries in terms of economy and energy security.
“这座核电站的容量足以为八个常规核反应堆提供服务，将有助于中国确保未来的燃料资源，并在经济和能源安全方面奖励两国。
The company is also stepping up exports of its Hualong One technology, a domestically developed third-generation reactor design with proprietary intellectual property, jointly conducted by CGN and China National Nuclear Corp.
该公司还加强了其华龙一号技术的出口，这是一种具有自主知识产权的国产第三代反应堆设计，由中广核和中国核工业集团公司联合开发。
The world's first industrial-scale demonstration plant of high temperature gas-cooled reactor with pebble-bed module, which was fully developed by China with independent intellectual property rights, started fuel loading on August 21, said its operator China National Nuclear Corporation.
中国国家电力投资公司运营的世界首个工业规模的高温气冷堆核电站，采用了独立自主知识产权的石墨床模块，于8月21日开始装载核燃料。这是由中国国家核电公司全资开发的项目。
High-temperature gas-cooled reactors, globally known as the fourth-generation nuclear energy system, are believed to have broad development prospects.
高温气冷堆，作为全球公认的第四代核电系统，被认为具有广阔的发展前景。
The project started construction on December 9, 2012, and successfully completed the cold and hot test of double reactors on March 29, 2021.
该项目于2012年12月9日开始建设，并于2021年3月29日成功完成了双反应器的冷热测试。
Wei Hanyang, a power market analyst at Bloomberg New Energy Finance, said EDF has deep ties in China, using Evolutionary Power Reactor (EPR) technology to build and operate a nuclear power plant in Guangdong－the industrial heartland of China.
彭博新能源财经的电力市场分析师魏汉阳表示，法国电力公司在中国有着深厚的根基，它使用进化压水反应堆(EPR)技术，在中国的工业重地广东建设并运营核电站。
China's first nuclear power unit using Hualong One technology, a domestically developed third-generation reactor design, was successfully connected to the grid in East China's Fujian province early Friday morning, according to China National Nuclear Corp.
中国核电周五凌晨宣布，中国首个采用自主研发的第三代核电“华龙一号”技术的核电机组在东部福建省成功并网发电。
The Hualong One reactors are jointly designed by China General Nuclear Power Group and CNNC.
华龙一号反应堆由中国广核集团和中核集团共同设计。
It is one of the most welcomed third-generation reactor designs as well as a milestone of China's innovative nuclear development.
它是中国创新型核能发展的一个里程碑，也是最受青睐的第三代反应堆设计之一。
"China is undergoing an approval process for a nuclear-based heat plant in Heilongjiang province, which will be the first inland reactor no longer associated with electricity generation,"Wei said.
The State Council, the country's Cabinet, has approved construction of four homegrown Hualong One reactors: two as part of the phase one facility at San'ao plant in Zhejiang and the remaining two as part of the phase two facility at Changjiang plant in Hainan province, which insiders said they believe will reboot the country's nuclear power sector.
Nuclear projects in the country will focus on large-scale mass production of domestically developed third-generation reactors including Hualong One, which is already officially in mass production mode, according to the nuclear society.
Third-generation nuclear reactor technology has broken foreign monopolies in many fields and will enable China to own independent intellectual property rights and harness export potential, said senior executives of State Power Investment Corp. Their comments came after SPIC, one of China's three nuclear power developers and operators, announced the completion of research and development of the country's third-generation nuclear reactor project called CAP1400, or Guo He One, early last week.
Based on the third-generation nuclear technology of AP1000, imported in 2007, the CAP1400 has made great technological innovations over 12 years of hard work by more than 26,000 Chinese technology engineers from 477 Chinese companies with various specializations, said Zheng Mingguang, chief designer of the CAP1400 nuclear reactors.
All its key parts and materials, like the reactor coolant pumps, squib valves, steam generators, reactor pressure vessel internals, control rod drive mechanisms, large forgings and nuclear-grade welding material, are all domestically designed and manufactured, he said.
In comparison with the second-generation version, the new reactor, with a design life of 60 years, extends the non-manual intervention time from 30 minutes to 72 hours, and dramatically improves safety performance against natural disasters like earthquakes and floods by 100 times, said Lu Hongzao, SPIC's assistant president.
"The CAP1400 nuclear reactors will be powerful electricity suppliers," said Lu.
"For instance, each reactor can provide 1.5 million kilowatt-hours of electricity to the grid.
He said because the construction cost for the reactors can be cut by 20 percent after achieving mass production, the group is optimistic about the long-term export potential of the CAP1400.
China's third-generation nuclear reactor technologies will strongly ensure the healthy growth and integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as well as the Hainan Free Trade Port in the future.
China National Nuclear Corp, a centrally administrated SOE, also announced that it started to load fuel last week at China's first nuclear plant with a domestically-developed reactor using Hualong One technology, a self-developed third-generation reactor design, bringing the unit one step closer to operation.
Hualong One reactors were jointly designed by two nuclear power giants－China General Nuclear Power Group and CNNC－and passed inspections by a national panel in August 2014.
Hualong One, or HPR 1000, is a third-generation nuclear reactor with proprietary intellectual property rights.
Featuring million-kilowatt pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power technology and global top safety standards, HPR 1000 was first built at the Fuqing nuclear power station in Fuzhou, capital of Fujian province, and is expected to have fuel loading at unit 5 in the near term and grid-connected power generation by the end of this year.
Last year, the company set a record for its production of the world's largest and heaviest weldless integral stainless steel ring forging, a key component for fast-neutron reactors.
In March, China Nuclear Power Engineering, a subsidiary of CNNC, completed a key test in a nuclear power unit using Hualong One technology－a domestically developed third-generation reactor design－in Fuqing, Fujian province, marking an important step in the development of the unit before fuel loading begins.
In March, China Nuclear Power Engineering, a subsidiary of CNNC, completed a key test in a nuclear power unit using Hualong One technology — a domestically developed third-generation reactor design — in Fuqing, Fujian province, marking an important step in the development of the unit before fuel loading begins.
As crossover branding is now a hot trend for many sectors across the world, Devialet, the French acoustic engineering technology specialist known for audio products including high-end speakers, unveiled its latest product – Phantom Reactor Opéra de Paris in China to further enhance its market presence.
After Devialet sells a Reactor Opéra, a part of the revenue will be used to support the artistic endeavors of Opera National de Paris.
Feruta learned about CNNC's Nigerian Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR) conversion program, saying that China endeavors to deliver on its responsibility as a major power and plays an important role in helping prevent nuclear proliferation.
The Haiyang nuclear station, with a total investment of 80 billion yuan ($11.7 billion), is designed to have six reactor units.
Its first stage includes two AP1000 reactor units with a power capacity of 1.25 GW each, with the No 1 unit being put into commercial operation in late October.
The outer containment dome of the Karachi unit 2 nuclear reactor in Pakistan was successfully installed on Monday, a milestone marking the end of its general construction work, said China National Nuclear Corp, one of the country's largest nuclear power companies.
The installation of the outer containment dome of Karachi unit 2, the first export of China's Hualong One pressurized water reactor design, a domestically developed third-generation reactor design, will be followed up by containment and heat tests, it said.
CNNC has four HPR1000 units under construction around the world, which is the world's only third-generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power project constructed according to schedule.
Set up in 1950, CIAE is widely considered the cradle of nuclear science and technology in the nation, as it pioneered the development and successful construction of China's first nuclear reactor and cyclotron in the 1950s.
Apart from the medical sector, the institute has also designed a new type of safe, economical and environmentally friendly nuclear heating reactor for district heating, with its independently developed pool-type low-temperature reactor Yanlong.
During a demonstration last winter, the reactor was used to supply heat to three buildings of about 10,000 square meters in CIAE continuously for 30 days.
"The demonstration has proved the feasibility of the pool-type low-temperature heating reactor and marked important progress for follow-up commercial use of such nuclear heating technology," said Liu Xingmin, director of the reactor core design section at the institute.
China has built a number of pool-type reactors, which have cumulatively operated for 500 reactor years, proving such reactors are stable and reliable, according to Liu.
A reactor year is one year of operations for a reactor.
Pool-type low-temperature reactors run under normal pressure and at low temperatures, with water acting as a neutron moderator, coolant and radiation shield, Liu said.
"The layer of water shields the radiation so completely that as long as there is water above the reactor core, the reactor will be safe and stable even if affected by earthquakes of magnitude between 7 and 8," he added.
Moreover, the nuclear heating system is cost efficient, and a 400-megawatt Yanlong low-temperature heating reactor could heat up to 20 million square meters, equivalent to 200,000 homes, according to Liu.
According to the company, the stainless steel forging will be used as the supporting ring for the core components in the pilot reactor of the fourth-generation nuclear power unit in Xiapu county, Ningde city, Fujian province.
The neutron reactor in the plant has a designated capacity of 60 million kilowatts.
CGN is considering buying Rolls-Royce's control systems to use in its HPR1000 reactors.
Regarded as the central nervous system of a nuclear power plant, control systems not only drive the operation of the reactor, but allow it to be shut down safely should problems occur.
"It should allay any fears the public may have about the Chinese developing a nuclear reactor in the UK.
Rolls-Royce has supplied control systems to 41 nuclear reactors in China, 24 of which were built by CGN.
The Chinese group first entered the UK market in 2016 when it signed a deal with French company EDF to jointly invest in three nuclear plants: Hinkley Point C, Sizewell C and Bradwell B. CGN is only a minority investor in Hinkley Point C and Sizewell C, but according to the original deal, it will be the majority investor in Bradwell B, which is also the only plant to use Chinese-developed nuclear technology, the HPR1000 reactor.
If successful, the reactor's deployment at Bradwell B will be the first time ever that the Chinese technology is used in a developed economy.
CGN, as the company is known, is in talks to buy Rolls Royce's control systems for use in its HPR1000 reactors.
Regarded as the central nervous system of a nuclear power plant, control systems not only drive the operation of the reactor, but allows it to be safely shut down should problems occur.
Rolls Royce has supplied control systems to 41 nuclear reactors in China, of which 24 are built by CGN.
China General Nuclear Power Group and French energy company EDF Group on Friday announced that Taishan Nuclear Power Plant's unit one reactor successfully completed a 168-hour demonstration operation.
The operation was completed by 5 pm on Thursday, and the reactor has since been operational, putting it on course to become the world's first commercial nuclear reactor using Generation 3 EPR technology.
On the completion of the first two units of reactors, the Taishan project is expected to reduce standard coal consumption by about 8.03 million tons and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 21.09 million tons every year.
The State-owned company will actively promote overseas projects using Hualong One technology, a domestically developed third-generation reactor design, said Yu Jianfeng, its chairman.
The first Hualong One reactor was erected by CNNC as part of Unit 2 of the nuclear power plant in Karachi, Pakistan.
Construction of the reactor started in August 2015.
Joseph Jacobelli, a senior analyst of Asian utilities and infrastructure at Bloomberg Intelligence in Hong Kong, said China's demand for uranium resources for nuclear power generators will increase in the mid to long term, considering the sharp rise in the number of nuclear reactors in the country.
The county lost about 5,000 jobs last summer when construction was halted on two nuclear reactors.
Westinghouse Electric plans to advance delayed third-generation reactor projectsWestinghouse Electric Co said it is looking forward to carrying the delayed third-generation reactor projects in China forward this year－the world's first Westinghouse AP1000 in Sanmen, Zhejiang province and Haiyang, Shandong province.
Construction of six to eight nuclear reactors will commence in 2018, raising China's total nuclear generating capacity by six gigawatts, the National Energy Administration said earlier this month.
China will also finish two delayed third-generation reactor projects in 2018, including the Sanmen nuclear power plant in Zhejiang and the first unit of the Taishan European Pressurized Reactor project designed by Areva in Guangdong province.
In Ghana, the CNNC has helped convert a local highly-enriched uranium nuclear reactor into a low-enriched one.
Last year, the CNNC signed a joint venture agreement with TerraPower, LLC to form the Global Innovation Nuclear Energy Technology Co Ltd to work together on the Travelling Wave Reactor technology, marking a new stage in China-US nuclear cooperation, Wang added.
"The new reactor design from China, the UK HPR1000, developed by CGN and China National Nuclear Corporation is undergoing a phase-two process in the Generic Design Assessment in Britain, which allows regulators to begin assessing the safety, security and environmental aspects of new reactor designs.
"China's nuclear power generators' need for uranium resources will rise exponentially in the mid to long term, given the sharp rise in nuclear reactors in the nation," he said.
Huang also added that some 86.7 percent of core equipment for the Fangchenggang Phase II power station in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region has been undertaken by domestic companies, including reactor pressure vessels and steam turbine generator units.
The deal, between China General Nuclear Power Corporation (CGN) and the French Alternative Energy and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), focuses on areas such as nuclear reactor technology, advanced fuels and materials, and nuclear fuel cycles.
Under the agreement, CGN and CEA will deepen cooperation in the upstream and downstream nuclear power industry chain, including reactor life management and the concept design of the fourth-generation nuclear energy technology.
Han Xiaoping, chief information officer of China Energy Net Consulting Co, said small nuclear reactors can provide cheap and sustainable electricity and can be moved to isolated areas when they reach the end of their service life.
中国能源网咨询公司首席信息官韩晓平表示，小型核反应堆可以提供廉价且可持续的电力，并且在其使用寿命结束后可以被转移到偏远地区。
"Large nuclear reactors have high hydrological and geological requirements and safety has always been a major concern for local residents living nearby.
大型核反应堆对水文和地质条件要求高，且安全性一直是周边居民关注的重大问题。
Floating nuclear reactors can also be exported to economies with large populations but scarce land resources, including economies participating in the Belt and Road Initiative, such as Pakistan, Bangladesh and Myanmar, said Han.
“浮动核电站也可以出口到那些人口众多但土地资源匮乏的经济体，包括参与‘一带一路’倡议的国家，比如巴基斯坦、孟加拉国和缅甸，”韩（Han）说。