六级But economists who study the relationship between money and happiness have consistently found that, above a certain income, the two do not reliably correlate.
但是研究金钱和幸福之间关系的经济学家一致发现,在一定的收入水平以上,两者之间并不存在可靠的相关性。
2013年12月阅读原文
考研There is one and only one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”
诺贝尔经济学奖获得者米尔顿·弗里德曼(Milton Friedman)写道:“企业有一个也是唯一一个社会责任,那就是利用其资源,从事旨在增加利润的活动。”
2016年考研阅读原文
六级Swedish economists Magnus Henrekson and Mikael Stenkula addressed the following question in their 2009study:why are there so few female top executives in the European egalitarian(平等主义的)welfare states?
瑞典经济学家马格努斯·亨雷克森(Magnus Henrekson)和米凯尔·斯滕库拉(Mikael Stenkula)在2009年的研究中提出了以下问题:为什么欧洲平等主义者中女性高管如此之少(平等主义的)福利国家?
2014年6月阅读原文
六级So what factors, at the community level, do predict if poor children will move up the economic ladder as adults? What explains, for instance, why the Salt Lake City metro area is one of the 100 largest metropolitan areas most likely to lift the fortunes of the poor and the Atlanta metro area is one of the least likely?Harvard economist Raj Chetty has pointed to economic and racial segregation, community density, the size of a community's middle class, the quality of schools, community religiosity, and family structure, which he calls the single strongest correlate of upward mobility.
那么,在社区层面上,有哪些因素可以预测贫困儿童是否会在成年后的经济阶梯上上升呢?例如,是什么解释了为什么盐湖城大都会区是最有可能给穷人带来财富的100个最大大都会区之一,而亚特兰大大都会区是最不可能的地区之一?哈佛大学经济学家Raj Chetty指出了经济和种族隔离、社区密度、社区中产阶级的规模,学校的质量、社区的宗教信仰和家庭结构,他称之为向上流动的唯一最强关联。
2015年12月阅读原文
六级nine decades ago, leading economists predicted that technological advances and rising productivity would mean that would be working a 15-hour week.
90年前,主要经济学家预测技术进步和生产率提高将意味着每周工作15小时。
2019年12月六级真题(第二套)听力 Section C
四级Sugar, alcohol and tobacco, economist Adam Smith once wrote, are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation.
经济学家亚当·斯密(Adam Smith)曾写道,糖、酒精和烟草都是不属于生活必需品的商品,几乎已成为普遍消费的对象,因此,它们是极受欢迎的征税对象。
2016年12月阅读原文
考研The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike.
贫困国家正规教育与经济增长之间的关系被经济学家和政治家广泛误解。
2009年考研阅读原文
六级It concerns not only us sociologists, but also economists, politicians and business people.
这不仅关系到美国社会学家,也关系到经济学家、政治家和商界人士。
2017年6月听力原文
六级A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs(横档) in that ladder have grown farther apart.
许多著名的经济学家也认为,如今穷人更难爬上经济阶梯,因为他们的经济地位越来越高(横档) 在那个梯子上,他们的距离越来越远。
2015年12月阅读原文
六级A number of prominent economists have also argued that it's harder for the poor to climb the economic ladder today because the rungs (横档) in that ladder have grown farther apart.
许多著名的经济学家也认为,如今穷人更难爬上经济阶梯,因为他们的经济地位越来越高(横档) 在那个梯子上,他们的距离越来越远。
2015年12月六级真题(第三套)阅读 Section C
考研At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.
在托马斯·皮凯蒂(Thomas Piketty)和其他经济学家警告不平等性加剧和继承财富的力量日益增强之际,富有的贵族家庭仍然是现代民主国家象征性的核心,这一点很奇怪。
2015年考研阅读原文
六级Whether immigrants are good or bad for the economy has been puzzling economists
移民对经济是好是坏一直困扰着经济学家
2011年6月阅读原文
六级Andy Holder—the chief economist at The Bank of England—suggested that the UK move towards a government-backed digital currency.
英格兰银行首席经济学家安迪·霍尔德(Andy Holder)建议英国转向政府支持的数字货币。
2017年6月六级真题(第二套)听力 Section C
考研"Short-termism" or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England's top economist Andrew Haldane.
英格兰银行首席经济学家安德鲁·霍尔丹(Andrew Haldane)表示,上市公司的“短期主义”或急功近利的欲望已经恶化。
2019年考研真题(英语一)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
四级As I began to read about scientists, economists, and philosophers, I started imagining myself in their shoes.
当我开始阅读有关科学家、经济学家和哲学家的文章时,我开始想象自己站在他们的立场上。
2015年12月听力原文
考研The research of till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise woul
哥伦比亚大学经济学家蒂尔·冯·瓦赫特(till Von Wachter)的研究表明,并非所有在经济衰退中毕业的人都认为自己的人生机会渺茫:那些拥有精英大学学位的人会很快赶上他们本来会达到的水平
2012年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ
四级Economist Carl Weinberg believes the negative effects of plunging oil prices are overwhelming the positive effects of cheaper oil.
经济学家卡尔·温伯格(Carl Weinberg)认为,油价暴跌的负面影响压倒了油价下跌的积极影响。
2016年12月阅读原文
六级Economists project that most employers would shift money from expensive health benefits into wages.
经济学家预测,大多数雇主都会将昂贵的医疗福利转化为工资。
2016年6月阅读原文
六级Yet the consensus among most economists is that immigration, both legal and illegal, provides a small net boost to the economy.
然而,大多数经济学家的共识是,合法和非法移民对经济的净推动作用很小。
2011年6月阅读原文
六级But when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one.
但当所有这些因素加在一起,经济学家计算出这些数字时,结果是一个净正值,但很小。
2011年6月阅读原文
六级In an interview last year with The Economist, George Whitesides, chief executive of space-tourism firm virgin Galactic, was placing his company in the latter category.
在去年接受《经济学人》采访时,太空旅游公司维珍银河(virgin Galactic)的首席执行官乔治·怀特塞兹(George Whitesides)将他的公司归入后一类。
2015年12月六级真题(第二套)阅读 Section C
六级While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes twice.
虽然一些经济学家预测未来经济将继续复苏,但贝利表示,唯一可以确定的是,银行不太可能再犯同样的错误两次。
2016年6月六级真题(第二套)听力 Section C
六级The dialogue is changing from what is technologically possible to what is technologically meaningful, said economist Shawn Du Bravac.
经济学家肖恩·杜布拉瓦茨(Shawn Du Bravac)表示,对话正在从技术上可行的转变为技术上有意义的。
2016年12月阅读原文
六级In the 1990s, many economists began to look at chaos theory as a way of providing models for forecasting.
20世纪90年代,许多经济学家开始将混沌理论视为提供预测模型的一种方法。
2013年6月听力原文
六级Harvard economist Raj Chetty has pointed to economic and racial segregation, community density, the size of a community's middle class, the quality of schools, community religiosity, and family structure, which he calls the "single strongest correlate of
哈佛大学经济学家拉吉·切蒂(Raj Chetty)指出了经济和种族隔离、社区密度、社区中产阶级规模、学校质量、社区宗教信仰和家庭结构,他称之为“单一最强大的相互关联”
2015年12月六级真题(第三套)阅读 Section C
六级International Labour Organization economists say some nations have come up with policies to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis.
国际劳工组织的经济学家说,一些国家已经制定了政策,以减轻经济危机期间工资下降的影响。
2016年6月六级真题(第二套)听力 Section B
四级It is the concern of contemporary economists.
这是当代经济学家关注的问题。
2015年12月阅读原文
六级The consensus among economists is that immigration should not be encouraged
经济学家的共识是不应该鼓励移民
2011年6月阅读原文
六级Even economists can't reach a consensus about its impact.
即使是经济学家也无法就其影响达成共识。
2011年6月阅读原文
六级Economists' failure to detect the problems in time.
经济学家未能及时发现问题。
2016年6月阅读原文
六级"The dialogue is changing from what is technologically possible to what is technologically meaningful, " said economist Shawn Du Bravac.
经济学家肖恩·杜布拉瓦茨(Shawn Du Bravac)表示:“对话正在从技术上可行的转变为技术上有意义的。”。
2016年12月六级真题(第二套)阅读 Section B
六级David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California
加州大学伯克利分校(UC Berkeley)经济学家大卫·卡德(David Card)指出,最直接从移民的低成本劳动力中获利的是企业和雇主——比如内布拉斯加州的肉类加工厂,或者加利福尼亚州的农业企业
2011年6月阅读原文
六级David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California.
加州大学伯克利分校(UC Berkeley)经济学家大卫·卡德(David Card)指出,从移民的低成本劳动力中最直接获利的是企业和雇主——比如内布拉斯加州的肉类加工厂,或者加利福尼亚州的农业企业。
2011年6月阅读原文
六级A new study by Cornell economists Francine Blau and Lawrence Kahn gives an explanation.
康奈尔大学经济学家弗朗辛·布鲁(Francine Blau)和劳伦斯·卡恩(Lawrence Kahn)的一项新研究给出了解释。
2014年6月阅读原文
六级It was in a free fall, and it was a veryscary period, economist Martin Neil Baily said.
经济学家马丁·尼尔·贝利(Martin Neil Baily)说,这是一个自由落体的时期,也是一个非常艰难的时期。
2016年6月听力原文
六级Swedish economists Magnus Henrekson and Mikael Stenkula addressed the following question in their 2009study:why are there so few female top executives in the European egalitarian(平等主义的)welfare states
瑞典经济学家马格努斯·亨雷克森(Magnus Henrekson)和米凯尔·斯滕库拉(Mikael Stenkula)在2009年的研究中提出了以下问题:为什么欧洲平等主义者中女性高管如此之少(平等主义的)福利国家
2014年6月阅读原文
六级Are many economists involved in this field?
有许多经济学家参与这一领域吗?
2013年6月听力原文
六级The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, in which college graduates who applied to the most selective schools in the 12th grade were compared to those who applied to slightly less selective schools.
《华盛顿邮报》报道了普林斯顿大学经济学家最近的一项研究,在该研究中,将12年级申请选择性最高学校的大学毕业生与申请选择性稍低学校的大学毕业生进行了比较。
2018年6月六级真题(第三套)阅读 Section B
六级Harvard economist Raj Chetty has pointed to economic and racial segregation, community density, the size of a community’s middle class, the quality of schools, community religiosity, and family structure, which he calls the “single strongest correlate of upward mobility.
哈佛大学经济学家Raj Chetty指出了经济和种族隔离、社区密度、社区中产阶级的规模、学校的质量、社区宗教信仰和家庭结构,他称之为“向上流动的最强关联”。
2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(一)
六级” In an interview last year with The Economist, George Whitesides, chief executive of space-tourism firm Virgin Galactic, was placing his company in the latter category.
在去年接受《经济学人》采访时,太空旅游公司维珍银河的首席执行官乔治·怀特塞德将他的公司归入后一类。
2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(三)
六级princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.
普林斯顿大学经济学家Alan Krueger研究了一位顶尖博士的入学情况。
2008年6月英语六级真题
六级But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends.
但经济学家表示,即将负债为四年的聚会和学习提供资金的家庭可以安慰自己,因为与许多银行股不同,大学是一项投资,应该会产生巨大的股息。
2009年6月英语六级真题
六级A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the “labor-market premium to skill”—or the amount college graduates earned that’s greater than what high-school graduate earned—decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s.
哈佛大学两位经济学家2008年的一项研究指出,“劳动力市场技能溢价”——即大学毕业生的收入高于高中毕业生的收入——在20世纪的大部分时间里都有所下降,但现在又卷土重来(报复性地) 自20世纪80年代以来。
2009年6月英语六级真题
六级According to a study by George Boras, a Harvard economist, immigration reduced the wages of American high-school dropouts by 9% between 1980-2000.
根据哈佛大学经济学家乔治·博拉斯的一项研究,1980-2000年间,移民使美国高中辍学者的工资下降了9%。
2011年6月英语六级真题
六级"But when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one. "
“但当所有这些因素加在一起,经济学家计算出数字时,它最终是一个净正的,但很小。”
2011年6月英语六级真题
四级As economist Thomas Schelling explains, “Everybody ranks himself high in qualities he values: careful drivers give weight to care, skilled drivers give weight to skill, and those who are polite give weight to courtesy,” This way everyone ranks high on his own scale.
正如经济学家Thomas Schelling所解释的那样,“每个人都认为自己的素质很高:细心的司机注重细心,熟练的司机注重技巧,有礼貌的人注重礼貌。”这样,每个人都在自己的水平上排名很高。
1995年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题
四级Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.
在海外,他们的同行阅读了《华尔街日报》、《伦敦金融时报》和《经济学人》,这些出版物在这个国家并不常见。
1999年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题
四级Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue.
对于经济学家来说,妇女教育可能是一个不同寻常的领域,但提高妇女对发展的贡献实际上既是一个经济问题,也是一个社会问题。
2006年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题
四级Privacy economist A lessandro Acauisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Socail Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷).
隐私经济学家A lessandro Acauisti进行了一系列测试,结果显示,人们会为了获得一张可怜的50美分优惠券而放弃Somail安全号码等个人信息(优惠卷).
2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题
四级“They’re trying to buy students,” says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum.
“他们试图收买学生,”斯基德莫尔学院经济学家桑迪·鲍姆说。
2009年12月大学英语四级考试真题
四级Mark Zandi, an economist at Moody’s Economy.
马克·赞迪,穆迪经济公司的经济学家。
2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)
四级” Economist Bryan Caplan, who is writing a book about education, agrees: “It’s a giant waste of resources that will continue as long as the subsidies continue.
经济学家Bryan Caplan正在写一本关于教育的书,他对此表示赞同:“只要补贴继续下去,这将是对资源的巨大浪费。
2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)
四级James Heckman, the Nobel Prize-winning economist, has examined how the returns on education break down for individuals with different backgrounds and levels of ability.
诺贝尔经济学奖获得者詹姆斯·赫克曼研究了不同背景和能力水平的个人的教育回报是如何分解的。
2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)
四级A recent study by economists at Wellesley College found that people who lost their jobs in the few years before becoming qualified for Social Security lost up to three years from their life expectancy (预期寿命),largely because they no longer had access to affordable health care.
韦尔斯利学院经济学家最近的一项研究发现,在获得社会保障资格前几年失业的人的预期寿命缩短了三年(预期寿命),主要是因为他们不再能够获得负担得起的医疗保健。
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)
四级Even if he could afford it, economists say it is unclear whether older workers like him benefit much from more education.
经济学家表示,即使他负担得起,也不清楚像他这样的老年工人是否能从更多的教育中受益匪浅。
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)
四级Death rates for people over 65 have historically fallen during recessions, according to a November 2011 study by economists at the University of California, Davis.
根据加州大学戴维斯分校经济学家2011年11月的一项研究,65岁以上人群的死亡率在经济衰退期间历来有所下降。
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)
四级"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote," are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation. "
“糖、酒和烟草,”经济学家亚当·斯密曾写道,“这些商品根本不是生活必需品,已经成为几乎普遍消费的对象,因此,它们是非常受欢迎的税收主体。”
2016年12月大学英语四级真题(第2套)
四级A child born in the ear-ly 1980s into a low-income family in San Jose had a 12.9 percent chance of becoming a high earner as an adult,according to a landmark study released in 2014 by the economist Raj Chetty and his colleagues from Harvard and Berkeley.
哈佛大学和伯克利分校的经济学家Raj Chetty及其同事于2014年发布的一项具有里程碑意义的研究显示,一个在20世纪80年代出生在圣何塞低收入家庭的孩子,成年后成为高收入者的几率为12.9%。
2020年12月大学英语四级真题(第1套)
四级The city has long had a large foreign-born population (26.5 percent in 1990), leading to broader diversi-ty,,which,the Harvard and Berkeley economists say,is a good predictor of mobility.
长期以来,该市一直有大量外国出生人口(1990年为26.5%),这导致了更广泛的多样性,哈佛大学和伯克利大学的经济学家表示,这是流动性的一个很好的预测指标。
2020年12月大学英语四级真题(第1套)
四级I have written about this peculiarity in human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely, who studied this phenomenon extensively after noticing pricing for subscriptions(订阅)to The Economist.
我以前和我的朋友丹·艾瑞里一起写过关于人性中这种特殊性的文章,他在注意到订阅定价后对这种现象进行了广泛的研究(订阅)《经济学人》。
2020年12月大学英语四级真题(第1套)
考研One corporation economist says the growth of “machine job replacement” has been with us since the beginning of the industrial revolution, but never at the pace it is now.
一位企业经济学家表示,自工业革命开始以来,“机器工作替代”的增长就一直伴随着我们,但从未像现在这样快。
1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America’s inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995.
1994年末,《经济学人》每月进行民意调查的经济学家小组表示,1995年美国的平均通货膨胀率为3.5%。
1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
考研Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America’s, have little productive slack.
经济学家对英国和美国有利的通胀数据感到特别惊讶,因为传统的衡量标准表明,这两个经济体,尤其是美国,几乎没有生产疲软。
1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
考研Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have up-ended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
一些经济学家认为,世界上强有力的结构性变化已经终结了基于增长和通货膨胀之间历史联系的旧经济模式。
1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
考研Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.
在现代条件下,这需要不同的集中控制措施,因此需要经济学家和运筹学专家等专业科学家的帮助。
2000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
考研The Economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.
《经济学人》的大宗商品价格指数与一年前相比基本保持不变。
2002年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
考研It’s theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.
这是许多经济学家赞同的理论,但在实践中,它往往让铁路公司处于决定哪些公司会繁荣,哪些公司会失败的位置。
2003年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题
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