The
Oxford English Dictionary is the definitive reference for the English language.
牛津英语词典是英语语言的权威参考书。
She graduated with first-class honours from
Oxford University.
她从牛津大学毕业，获得了优等荣誉学位。
The debate was held at the historic Sheldonian Theatre in
Oxford.
辩论在牛津历史悠久的谢尔顿剧院举行。
Oxford's streets are lined with ancient buildings and charming pubs.
牛津的街道两旁都是古老的建筑和迷人的酒馆。
Many famous authors, including J.R.R. Tolkien, have taught at
Oxford.
许多著名作家，如J.R.R.
托尔金，都在牛津大学任教过。
The Bodleian Library is one of the largest libraries in Europe, located in
Oxford.
鲍德利安图书馆是位于牛津的欧洲最大的图书馆之一。
Oxford's colleges each have their own unique traditions and quirks.
牛津的各个学院都有各自独特的传统和特色。
The city's annual
Oxford vs Cambridge boat race attracts thousands of spectators.
每年举行的牛津对剑桥的划船比赛吸引了成千上万的观众。
Students at
Oxford wear traditional academic gowns for formal events.
牛津的学生在正式活动中会穿上传统的学术礼服。
The Ashmolean Museum in
Oxford houses a vast collection of art and artefacts.
牛津的阿什莫林博物馆收藏了大量的艺术作品和文物。
Besides, in support of this year's campaign, the company will donate 100 percent of the purchase price from the sales of its new Pink Pony Oxford shirt and 25 percent of the purchase price from the sales of the new Pink Pony cashmere hoodie, among others, to the Pink Pony Fund or to a network of international cancer charities.
此外，为了支持今年的活动，该公司将把其新款Pink Pony Oxford衬衫售价的100%和新款Pink Pony羊绒连帽衫售价的25%捐赠给Pink Poy基金会或国际癌症慈善机构网络。
Management gurus from Harvard, Yale and Oxford attended the event and delivered online speeches.
来自哈佛大学、耶鲁大学和牛津大学的管理大师出席了此次活动并发表了在线演讲。
I hope that more people around the world can learn about China's stories through Chinese brands," said Steve Woolgar, chairman of the World Brand Lab and emeritus professor of Marketing at University of Oxford.
我希望世界各地更多的人能够通过中国品牌了解中国的故事，”世界品牌实验室主席、牛津大学市场营销名誉教授Steve Woolgar说。
Paul Temporal, a global expert on brand creation and an associate fellow at Oxford University's Said Business School, said: "Sports sponsorships are now extremely expensive, but the world's top brands are willing to pay, as sport has universal appeal.
保罗·泰普诺尔，全球品牌创建领域的专家及牛津大学赛德商学院的副研究员表示：“如今，体育赞助费用已经极其高昂，但全世界顶级品牌仍愿意支付这笔费用，因为体育具有广泛的吸引力和普遍性。”
Huawei represents a significant and growing contribution to Canada's GDP with a total benefit equivalent to $690 million in 2018 alone, according to a new study conducted by Oxford Economics Ltd.
The company's workforce has increased substantially, along with its procurement spending on goods and services from Canadian suppliers," said Andrew Goodwin, director of Applied Economics at Oxford Economics.
"The combination of technology and content will be a critical driver in promoting Mandarin learning across the world," said Hao Sirong, head of global business development at Oxford University Press.
The pressure on Huawei that originated in the United States has in recent months escalated and spread to Europe, with the University of Oxford suspending Huawei funding and the German government reportedly considering barring Huawei from its 5G mobile networks last week.
Shortly after Oxford said it will stop accepting new Huawei funding, a handful of British universities have reaffirmed they will not stop working with Huawei without solid evidence suggesting otherwise, including the Surrey, Manchester, York, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Southampton and Imperial.
Until the University of Oxford's suspension of Huawei funding last week, the company had insisted that its UK business operations remained unaffected by any media hype.
The University of Oxford has suspended new donations and research partnership opportunities with Huawei, according to reports by British media on Thursday.
Oxford said it would continue its existing research contracts where Huawei funding has been received or committed.
牛津大学表示，他们将继续执行现有的研究合同，在这些合同中已经收到了华为的资金或已承诺接受其资助。
Steve Tsang, director of the SOAS China Institute and an emeritus fellow of Oxford's St Antony's College, said in an interview with South China Morning Post that Oxford's decision is unlikely to be in response to US government policy regarding Huawei.
伦敦大学亚非学院中国研究院主任、牛津大学圣安东尼学院荣誉退休研究员史蒂夫·曾（Steve Tsang）在接受《南华早报》采访时表示，牛津大学的这一决定不太可能是对美国政府针对华为政策的回应。
"For any major British research university, Oxford included, to decide to suspend a company from being 'an approved gift donor/research sponsor', it must have good strong prima facie evidence that not doing so is wrong," Tsang said.
对于包括牛津大学在内的任何一所英国主要研究型大学来说，如果决定将一家公司从'认可捐赠者/研究赞助商'名单中暂停，那么它必须拥有充分且强有力的初步证据，表明不这么做是错误的。"Tsang如是说。
Land is a peer-to-peer bike-lending service that was founded in 2016 by University of Oxford graduates.
Chinese tech company Tencent - which owns the hugely popular game League of Legends - is in talks with the University of Oxford about holding an electronic sports conference and tournament at the university.
Oxford Economics estimated Italy's exports to China will register a compound average annual growth rate of 9.7 percent between 2018 and 2021, thanks to China's further opening-up policies and the Belt and Road Initiative.
The stores scheduled for closure, which include the flagship outlet on London’s Oxford Street, will remain open until early 2019.
Tech company hopes Oxford academics will be involvedChinese tech company Tencent is in talks with the University of Oxford about holding an electronic sports conference and tournament at the British university, as the booming industry begins to take root in higher education.
中国科技公司腾讯正与英国牛津大学进行商谈，计划在该校举办一场电子竞技会议和赛事。随着蓬勃发展的电子竞技产业在高等教育领域逐渐扎根，腾讯希望牛津大学的学者能够参与其中。
In China, a brand's country-of-origin plays a major role in consumer decision-making, said Paul Temporal, a global expert on brand creation and an associate fellow at Oxford University's Said Business School.
In China, a brand’s country-of-origin plays a major role in consumer decision-making, said Paul Temporal, a global expert on brand creation and an associate fellow at Oxford University’s Said Business School.
Jonathan Reynolds, an associate professor in retail marketing at Oxford University, said: “Chinese investors should be careful in identifying appropriate targets for investment or acquisition, rather than being rushed into buying whatever might be on sale today.
Jonathan Reynolds, associate professor in retail marketing at Oxford University, said Amazon's extensive warehousing and distribution facilities in seven European countries, and its dedicated sites for each country, give it "first mover advantage" in Europe.
"We welcome competition in Islington, just as we did in Oxford when Mobike launched there several months after us," said Joseph Seal-Driver, general manager for Ofo in the UK.
"Outside the capital, Ofo and Mobike operate in Oxford while Mobike operates in Newcastle and Manchester and Ofo hires out bikes in Cambridge and Norwich.
Camden Market is a sharp contrast to luxury shopping hot spots such as Bicester Village and Oxford Street, where Chinese tourists spend millions of pounds each year.
The news comes after successful launches in Cambridge and Oxford by the brand, which is working closely with Hackney Council to ensure its service integrates with existing cycling infrastructure in the borough.
But McKeever was surprised by Urban Revivo's choice of location, electing to open a branch in the Westfield mall, rather than a high-profile high street location, such as on Oxford Street or Regent Street.
The 225-meter-high building was owned jointly by British Land and Canada's Oxford Properties.
Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said: "There's plenty to be positive about in China's year-end reported numbers.
Louise Loo, lead economist at Oxford Economics, said that the housing market correction process is a much needed one, and probably still has two to three years more to run.
"Retail sales in October were particularly strong, beating even our above-consensus estimates, given sharp increases in holiday-related spending components, including catering, tobacco and alcohol, sports and entertainment, and communication equipment," said Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
British think tank Oxford Economics said it expects China's fourth-quarter GDP to expand by 1.2 percent on a seasonally adjusted quarter-on-quarter basis, resulting in an annual growth rate of 5.2 percent, a revision of its previous forecast of 5.1 percent, given the third quarter's modest out-performance.
Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said the recent approval of the fiscal support package, coming out of the central government's balance sheet, is small by historical standards but more high-profile compared to past measures, signaling policymakers are on standby for further easing.
This strong quarterly performance, alongside favorable base effects in the fourth quarter, mean that meeting the official growth target of 'around 5 percent' is now probably assured," said Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
"Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said the latest data confirmed a stimulus-led growth narrative in the third quarter.
Here is the latest interview with Louise Loo, lead economist at Oxford Economics.
Oxford Economics has maintained its growth forecast for 2023 at 5.1 percent, above China's annual growth target of around 5 percent this year.
"We expect the economy to have reached a cyclical trough in July, and it should stabilize in the coming months, given the range of stimulus measures put in place," said Louise Loo, lead economist at Oxford Economics.
"Recent data suggests that the economy likely bottomed out in July, and that activity is indeed now moving in the right direction," said Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said headline CPI returned to positive territory in August, as increases in services-related segments more than offset the continued drags from lower oil and pork prices.
Louise Loo, lead economist at Oxford Economics, said lots of policy measures will support growth, but no big, broad-based credit or fiscal moves are likely.
Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said that the July activity data underscored a weak underlying investment appetite following a fast fading opening boost, production and manufacturing coming under continued pressure from poor global demand for Chinese goods and destocking pressures as well as a growing confidence crisis associated with the property sector.
"We now expect the authorities to follow through with 15 basis point cuts to the one-year and five-year loan prime rates next week, on Aug 21. xa0That could offer some temporary relief to household loan growth, as we'd seen with the June cuts," said Loo from Oxford Economics.
Lloyd Chan, senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said that with the real estate downturn persisting and external demand weakening, "we think policymakers will be keen to prop up domestic demand in the coming months".
Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said that fiscal support will be targeted at industries in the form of tax incentives or subsidies, while the monetary policy will be focused on liquidity support instead of interest rate cuts.
Louise Loo, an economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said the meeting reiterated the pro-growth policy stance, even as GDP growth surprised on the upside in the first quarter.
Citing the first quarter figures, Louise Loo, China lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said the combination of a steady uptick in consumer confidence as well as the still-incomplete release of pent-up demand suggests that the consumer-led recovery still has room to run.
英国智库牛津经济研究院（Oxford Economics）的中国区首席经济学家路易丝·卢（Louise Loo）在引用第一季度数据时指出，消费者信心的持续上升以及尚未完全释放的被压抑需求相结合，表明以消费者为主导的经济复苏仍有进一步发展的空间。
"Just as we think the recent developed market financial stress is contained, so is the fallout on China's macro outlook," said Louise Loo, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
"The uptrend in China's economic activity was broad-based in January-February, with retail sales and investments more or less in line with expectations," said Louise Loo, China lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
Louise Loo, a senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, highlighted the stronger-than-expected fourth quarter data and the "green shoots of recovery" emerging in recent economic activities.
The other authors of the report are based at CCIEE, the LSE, the University of Oxford, Columbia University, and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Louise Loo, senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said their team now expects a faster economic recovery in China, as the combination of a stronger showing in retail and consumer-focused segments as well as policymakers' pro-growth policy pivots are arguably reasons to be sanguine on China's outlook this year.
Louise Loo, senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said she expects to see continued policy accommodation this year, with off-budget fiscal policy, including local government special bonds, likely to be the primary policy lever.
While multiple cyclical and structural headwinds — from a gloomy global outlook to China's weak property market — may weigh on the country's near-term outlook, macro policy easing will help stabilize the economy, with targeted property sector support, relief measures for households and infrastructure spending being the preferred policy tools, said Louise Loo, senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
"Private consumption and, to a lesser extent, fixed investment and infrastructure spending, will be key drivers of the rebound," said Louise Loo, senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
Loo from Oxford Economics said the renminbi may trade around the 7-per-dollar level and strengthen moderately as China's economic rebound gathers pace in the second and third quarters.
Louise Loo, senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said that while a surge in COVID cases and uncertainties point to a weaker outlook in the first quarter of next year, the economy will gradually recover and stabilize with macro policy easing.
"Meanwhile, Louise Loo, senior economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said the latest economic data actualized some of the downside risk as a result of the COVID resurgence and uncertainties, adding that "troubles in the real estate sector as well as strong external headwinds remain meaningful drags on the economy".
Lloyd Chan, senior economist at Oxford Economics think tank, said China's targeted macro policy easing and infrastructure spending, with a moderation of some COVID measures and more support for the property sector will help underpin the economic rebound in the following months, and his team expects China's economy will continue to recover into 2023.
Despite headwinds, Louise Loo, senior economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, expects the pass-through of recent easing measures and authorities' data-dependent policy loosening in the coming months to support a tentative and bumpy recovery going forward.
China has been following a distinctive path of an open national innovation system over the past decade, which has given fresh impetus to its economic development, setting an example for other countries, said Fu Xiaolan, founding director of the Technology and Management Center for Development at the University of Oxford.
Lloyd Chan, a senior economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said the better-than-expected outcome implies the economy has recouped its COVID-induced output loss in the second quarter, with GDP also rising above the level in the first quarter.
Lloyd Chan, senior economist at think tank Oxford Economics, said China's economy has picked up in the third quarter after an unsatisfactory performance in the second quarter.
"We expect infrastructure investment will remain strong and do the heavy lifting to support growth," said Lloyd Chan, a senior economist at the Oxford Economics think tank.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at Oxford Economics, a think tank, said the spillover effect of rising global food prices on China's domestic food costs will also likely be modest, given China's self-sufficiency in staple grains in the near term.
With the limited impact of factory-gate inflation and energy prices on consumer prices and subdued core inflation due to weak domestic demand, Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said his team expects China's consumer inflation to remain below the annual target of around 3 percent in 2022.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said that while the second-quarter GDP growth was below his expectations and lower than the 4.8 percent growth in the first quarter, June's data was more positive, with activity picking up after most COVID restrictions were lifted.
Wu from Oxford Economics said that infrastructure investment will play a crucial role in boosting growth in the second half.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the think tank Oxford Economics, said monetary easing will remain targeted to support small and medium-sized enterprises and manufacturing, and his team still expects the People's Bank of China, the central bank, to continue to guide market interest rates and loan prime rates lower.
Looking ahead, Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said his team anticipates a quarterly contraction in the second quarter due to the impact of the pandemic followed by a recovery in the second half as stimulus measures take effect.
Citing recent NBS data, Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said both industrial value-added output and fixed-asset investment improved in May after contracting in April as the impact of COVID-19 eased in most parts of China.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said that industrial production improved in May as COVID-19 outbreaks eased in most parts of China, adding that the recovery will become even more visible after growth stabilized in May.
As the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, kept the medium-term lending facility rate on hold on Wednesday, Wu of Oxford Economics said that his team still expects another rate cut in the third quarter as broad-based monetary easing through rate reductions could be effective in boosting growth after the economy stabilizes.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at Oxford Economics, said the think tank had also forecast a recovery in the second half of the year, bolstered by policy stimulus.
Even if some cities or rural areas have been affected by COVID outbreaks, projects in other areas could continue," said Tommy Wu, lead economist at Oxford Economics.
"We think the economy has likely hit the bottom of this cycle, for now," said Tommy Wu, lead economist at Oxford Economics, a think tank.
"Beyond the near term, policy stimulus will play a crucial role in boosting domestic demand this year," said Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said the COVID-19 cases in Shanghai and its ripple effect through China, as well as logistic delays resulting from highway controls in parts of the country, severely affected domestic supply chains.
While China's industrial production and exports have been affected by COVID-19 outbreaks, experience shows that Chinese manufacturers can resume work and clear backlogs relatively quickly once restrictions are lifted, said Tommy Wu, lead economist at the think tank Oxford Economics.
Looking ahead, Tommy Wu, lead economist at Oxford Economics, a think tank, said the policy easing outlined in the Government Work Report will boost growth from the second quarter onward.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the think tank Oxford Economics, said further reductions in the reserve requirement ratio and loan prime rate are expected to support continuing growth.
In the eyes of Tommy Wu, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, China's rapid FDI growth has been stimulated by its continuous opening up policies and the resilience of its supply chains.
Important M&A deals during the year included Tencent Holdings' 919-million-pound takeover of Sumo Group, Wuxi AppTec's purchase of Oxford Genetics for 96.7 million pounds and Pharmaron Beijing's acquisition from AbbVie of Allergan Biologics for an estimated 85.3 million pounds.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at Oxford Economics, said that while China's economy had a good start to the year, the recent COVID outbreak and renewed restrictions will weigh on consumption and cause short-term supply disruptions.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the think tank Oxford Economics, said he expected front-loaded policy support and more policy easing to support growth.
"I think China's producer price inflation (which gauges factory-gate inflation and narrowed to a half-year low of 9.1 percent in January) will still be on a declining trend that started in the past couple of months, though the disinflationary process will take longer because of higher global energy and commodity prices now," said Tommy Wu, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics.
According to Wu from Oxford Economics, there remains an upside risk to China's food inflation as Ukraine accounts for 30 percent of China's corn imports used in feeding hogs, while pork prices serve as a main component of the CPI.
"For 2022 as a whole, we forecast GDP to expand 5 percent," said Tommy Wu, lead economist at Oxford Economics.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at the Oxford Economics think tank, said the 8.1 percent GDP growth exceeded the 6 percent target for 2021, highlighting the strength of the initial stage of China's economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Louis Kuijs, head of Asia Economics of Oxford Economics, a think tank, said the recent change in tone of top government officials and in policy statements, which emphasizes the need to stabilize growth, supports OE's view that more policy easing is on the way.
Louis Kuijs, head of Asia Economics at British think tank Oxford Economics, said in a research note that while China's exports will continue to be underpinned by the ongoing global economic recovery and an easing of supply constraints, foreign demand for its goods is slowing, and foreign spending will likely shift more to services throughout the year.
"The GDP growth of 4 percent year-on-year in the fourth quarter and 8.1 percent in 2021 as a whole came in a bit higher than what we've expected, amid stronger-than-expected industrial production in December," said Tommy Wu, lead China economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, who highlighted that economic stability is the top focus in 2022.
In response to the downside drivers, Louis Kuijs, head of Asia economics at think tank Oxford Economics, expects China's macroeconomic policy will become more accommodative.
Louis Kuijs, head of Asia economics at Oxford Economics, a think tank headquartered in London, said he expects China to ease its macroeconomic policy in response to the downward pressure on growth.
Louis Kuijs, head of Asia Economics of Oxford Economics, a think tank, said he expects global and domestic supply constraints, as well as global commodity prices, to ease in the future.
Louis Kuijs, head of Asia Economics at Oxford Economics, said the think tank expects the government to ease its macroeconomic stance in 2022, mainly by speeding up the issuance and use of local government bonds and accelerating project approvals.
"We expect the macroeconomic policy stance to ease in response to the downward pressure on growth," said Louis Kuijs, head of Asia economics at Oxford Economics, a think tank.
The increase in PPI inflation will be temporary as the sharp rise in global commodity prices reverses next year, and the pass-through of recent increases in electricity prices will gradually dissipate, said Louis Kuijs, head of Asia economics at think tank Oxford Economics.
Tommy Wu, lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said it is of great significance for emerging markets to strengthen industrial technology to move up the value chain and raise wages.