n.脑叶切断术

原形：lobotomy复数：lobotomies

In the 1940s and 50s, lobotomy was sometimes used as a treatment for mental illness.
在20世纪40年代和50年代，脑白质切断术曾被用作治疗精神疾病的一种方法。
The patient underwent a lobotomy in an attempt to alleviate severe depression.
这位病人接受了脑白质切断术，试图缓解严重的抑郁症。
Lobotomy was seen as a radical and controversial procedure in its time.
脑白质切断术在其时代被视为一种激进且有争议的手术。
The history of lobotomy is a dark chapter in the evolution of psychiatric medicine.
脑白质切断术的历史是精神病医学发展中的一段黑暗篇章。
Many people who received lobotomies experienced profound changes in their personality.
许多接受过脑白质切断术的人在性格上发生了深刻的变化。
The use of lobotomy declined after the introduction of effective antipsychotic medications.
在有效的抗精神病药物出现后，脑白质切断术的使用逐渐减少。
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Egas Moniz in 1949 for his development of the prefrontal lobotomy."
- 1949年，Egas Moniz因其发展前额叶脑白质切断术而被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
The procedure involved drilling holes into the skull to access the brain's frontal lobes.
这种手术包括在头骨上钻孔以接触大脑的前额叶。
Lobotomy was often performed without proper anesthesia or understanding of its potential consequences.
脑白质切断术常常在没有适当麻醉或了解其可能后果的情况下进行。
Modern psychiatry has largely abandoned lobotomy in favor of more sophisticated and less invasive treatments.
现代精神病学已大体放弃了脑白质切断术，转而采用更先进、侵入性较小的治疗方法。