四级Another group of helpless children who were simply rewarded for their success on easier problems did not improve their ability to solve hard math problems.

另一组无助的孩子仅仅因为他们在较容易的问题上取得了成功而得到奖励，但并没有提高他们解决数学难题的能力。

2016年12月阅读原文

考研Critics make three main arguments against gene patents: a gene is a product of nature, so it may not be patented; gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it; and patents'monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's.

批评家们对基因专利提出了三个主要论点：基因是自然的产物，所以它可能没有专利；基因专利抑制创新而不是奖励创新；专利的垄断限制了像Myriad这样的基因检测。

2012年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

高考In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest.

一般来说，可以立即获得回报的新闻类型包括犯罪和腐败、事故和灾难、体育、社会事件和人类利益。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

考研Little reward accompanies duplication and confirmation of what is already known and believed.

对已知和相信的事物的复制和确认几乎没有回报。

2012年考研阅读原文

四级According to a new study from Cornell University's Food and Brand Lab, small nonfood rewards—like the toys in McDonald's Happy Meals—stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.

根据康奈尔大学食品和品牌实验室的一项新研究，像麦当劳快乐餐中的玩具这样的小的非食品奖励会刺激大脑中与食物相同的奖励中心。

2016年12月阅读原文

高考A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party.

一位政治家可能会读一篇关于他最近一次成功的公开会议的报道，不是因为它延迟了回报，而是因为他的妻子读一篇关于一个政党的报道。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

六级In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential.

为了获得成功的结果或回报，一定程度的风险几乎总是必不可少的。

2018年6月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

六级If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their enthusiasm and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will reward them for high performance.

如果主管不承认这些出色的表现，员工可能会失去热情，减少努力，或者在一家公司寻找一份新工作，以奖励他们的出色表现。

2013年12月阅读原文

六级For a follow-up analysis, he found that people whose neural reward centres were more active when they won money were also more likely to be among the group of liars一suggesting that lying may have to do with the inability to resist temptation.

为了进行后续分析，他发现那些在赢钱时神经奖励中心更活跃的人也更有可能成为说谎者一这表明说谎可能与无法抵抗诱惑有关。

2019年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

高考News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual involvement.

即时奖励的消息似乎会把他们的读者带到一个非常可怕的场景，而没有实际的参与。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 题设

高考When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.

当读者选择延迟的奖励新闻时，他会将自己拉入周围现实的世界中，只有努力工作才能使自己适应这个世界。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

高考The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.

研究人员随后测试了猴子如何组合或添加符号以获得奖励。

2019年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

高考In addition, the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom's voice were rewarded with the most food.

此外，研究小组还进行了一项单独的实验，该实验表明，最能模仿妈妈声音的幼鸟获得的食物最多。

2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

六级In addition to this, businesses would now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste.

除此之外，企业现在还将因成功减少食物浪费而获得奖励。

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

四级Additionally, they should be allowed to teach, and be rewarded for doing it well.

此外，他们应该被允许教书，并因表现出色而获得奖励。

2016年12月阅读原文

四级Even more interesting is that the promise of a future reward was enough to make adults choose the smaller portion.

更有趣的是，未来奖励的承诺足以让成年人选择更小的部分。

2016年12月阅读原文

高考Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science, education, and health.

公共事务、经济事务、社会问题、科学、教育和卫生方面的新闻可能会延迟奖励。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

六级Virtually all experts agree that the fee-for-service system—doctors are rewarded for the quantity of care rather than its quality of effectiveness—is a primary reason that the cost of care is so high.

事实上，所有专家都同意，按服务收费制度医生获得的报酬是护理的数量，而不是其有效性的质量，这是护理成本如此之高的主要原因。

2016年6月阅读原文

六级virtually all experts agree that the fee-for-service system— doctors are rewarded for the quantity of care rather than its quality of effectiveness — is a primary reason that the cost of care is so high.

事实上，所有专家都同意，收费服务体系——医生因护理的数量而不是其有效性的质量而获得奖励——是护理成本如此之高的主要原因。

2016年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

四级Reward all those involved in the debate sufficiently when the goals are reached.

当目标达成时，充分奖励所有参与辩论的人。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级She beat the record by almost two hours, and her father rewarded her with a red sports car.

她打破记录快两个小时了，她父亲奖励她一辆红色跑车。

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

高考In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness.

在任何关于腐败或灾难的故事中，一个有思想的读者不仅可以从间接经验中获得即时的回报，还可以从信息和准备中获得延迟的回报。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

高考A team of researchers trained three rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward.

一组研究人员训练三只恒河猴将26个明显不同的符号（包括数字和选择性字母）与0-25滴水或果汁联系起来作为奖励。

2019年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

高考Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded.

另一个原因是，如果孩子得到奖励，他们的帮助行为并没有得到改善。

2016年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

高考Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an individual's tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.

因此，虽然类别的划分在总体上是成立的，但一个人的倾向可能会将任何故事从一种阅读转移到另一种阅读，或者将体验分为两种奖励。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

考研Bankers’ fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.

银行家们的丰厚薪酬招致了很多批评，但不奖励高成就者的公共部门体系对美国来说可能是一个更大的问题。

2012年考研阅读原文

高考However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?

然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，而我也得到了一些回报，那么我的动机在哪里真的很重要吗？

2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

四级The doer of a good deed can feel spiritually rewarded even when they gain no concrete benefits.

做好事的人即使得不到具体的好处，也会感到精神上的回报。

2016年6月阅读原文

高考For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.

由于缺少更好的名称，我们将这两类称为即时奖励和延迟奖励。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

考研Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.

一些人想震惊，另一些人想吸引人们进入科学界，或者更好地奖励那些以研究为职业的人。

2014年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.

低工资劳动力的税收需要削减，劳动所得税抵免等工资补贴应该扩大：这将提高收入、鼓励工作、奖励创造就业机会的公司并减少不平等。

2018年考研阅读原文

四级The note inside the bottle said, "Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina pierce, owners of the Beachcomber Motel."

瓶子里的纸条上写着：“回到海洋街419号，从海滨汽车旅馆的所有者理查德和蒂娜·皮尔斯那里得到150美元的奖励。”

2018年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A

四级According to a new study from Cornell University's Food and BrandLab, small nonfood rewards—like the toys in McDonald's Happy Meals—stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.

根据康奈尔大学食品和品牌实验室的一项新研究，像麦当劳快乐餐中的玩具这样的小的非食品奖励会刺激大脑中与食物相同的奖励中心。

2016年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

高考If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.

如果猴子触摸屏幕的左侧，他们将得到七滴水或果汁；如果他们选择圆圈，他们将得到本例中数字-17之和的奖励。

2019年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

四级Or maybe the reward of a half-sized portion could be a half-sized dessert to be claimed only on a future date.

或者，一份半份的奖励可能是一份半份的甜点，只能在将来的某个日期领取。

2016年12月阅读原文

高考For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward.

例如，社会学家可能会将犯罪新闻视为一个社会问题，而不是它的直接回报。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

考研Bankers' fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.

银行家们的丰厚薪酬招致了很多批评，但不奖励高成就者的公共部门体系对美国来说可能是一个更大的问题。

2012年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

高考Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking.

有时我们认为一点不必要的危险是值得的，因为当我们权衡风险和回报时，风险似乎值得承担。

2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读E 原文

高考News of delayed reward will induce the reader to prepare for the reality while news of immediate reward will lead the reader to withdraw from the reality.

延迟报偿的新闻会促使读者为现实做好准备，而即时报偿的新闻会导致读者从现实中退缩。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 题设

高考News of delayed reward will make readers suffer, or present a threat to them.

延迟奖励的消息将使读者遭受痛苦，或对他们构成威胁。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 题设

四级The desire for a future reward is overwhelming.

对未来奖励的渴望是压倒性的。

2016年12月阅读原文

六级Even when children are not directly rewarded or punished for "behaving like boys" or "behaving like girls," they learn about gender by watching who does what in their families.

即使孩子们没有因为“表现得像男孩”或“表现得像女孩”而受到直接奖励或惩罚，他们也会通过观察谁在家里做了什么来了解性别。

2013年6月阅读原文

高考People's efforts have been materially rewarded.

人们的努力得到了物质上的回报。

2016年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读B 选项

高考She was highly rewarded for her efforts.

她的努力得到了很高的回报。

2016年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 选项

高考The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded success in the end.

学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的努力最终会获得成功。

2016年高考英语北京卷 单项选择 原文

高考This reward may be either of two kinds.

这种奖励可能有两种。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

六级Once upon a time, Americans thought that if they work hard enough even in the face of adversity, they would be rewarded with success.

曾几何时，美国人认为如果他们在逆境中也足够努力，他们就会获得成功。

2018年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section C

高考People select news in expectation of a reward.

人们选择新闻是为了得到回报。

2015年高考英语江苏卷 任务型阅读 原文

高考How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?

猴子们是如何在实验中获得奖励的？

2019年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读D 题设

四级his father said he had offered his son 100 dollars as a reward.

他的父亲说他给了儿子100美元作为报酬。

2019年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

六级A great many people presume upon a reward when doing a good deed.

许多人在做好事时都会得到报酬。

2007年6月英语六级真题

六级First and foremost, there is a natural tendency to equate doing good deeds with a certain amount of reward, and reward with a certain amount of money.

首先，人们有一种自然的倾向，即把做好事等同于一定数量的奖励，把奖励等同于一定数额的金钱。

2007年6月英语六级真题

六级What is more, they maintain that since the basis of contemporary society is money, one of the major means of earning money is getting reward by doing good deeds.

更重要的是，他们坚持认为，由于当代社会的基础是金钱，赚钱的主要手段之一是通过做好事获得奖励。

2007年6月英语六级真题

六级Hence, doing a good deed is fulfilling itself and reward is of minimal significance.

因此，做一件好事本身就是一种成就，而回报的意义微乎其微。

2007年6月英语六级真题

六级Mr. Leifeng lived a simple life dedicated to doing good deeds without expecting any reward and helping people from all walks of life, yet he was remembered as one of the most successful hero of our time.

雷锋先生过着简朴的生活，不求回报，做好事，帮助各行各业的人，但他被人们铭记为我们这个时代最成功的英雄之一。

2007年6月英语六级真题

六级Generally speaking, it is my view that we should not expect a reward when doing a good deed.

一般来说，我认为我们做好事时不应该期望得到回报。

2007年6月英语六级真题

六级We do this for enjoyment, self-fulfillment and spiritual enhancement, not for the purpose of reward.

我们这样做是为了享受、自我实现和精神提升，而不是为了奖励。

2007年6月英语六级真题

六级Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally (最佳地) managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine.

消除初级保健医生每小时挤更多病人的压力，并以最佳方式奖励他们(最佳地) 管理他们的疾病和实践循证医学。

2009年12月英语六级真题

四级But it used also to be widely believed that effective reward, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的) “drives” as thirst or hunger.

但过去人们也普遍认为，有效的奖励，至少在早期阶段，必须与这种基本的生理学直接相关(生理的) “驱使”如口渴或饥饿。

1993年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

婴儿将学会以在世界上产生结果的方式行事，除了成功的结果之外，没有任何回报。

1993年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other.

帕波塞克开始他的研究时，以正常的方式使用牛奶来“奖励”婴儿，并教他们做一些简单的动作，比如把头转向一边或另一边。

1993年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded.

每一个被财富亲吻的作家，都有成千上万的渴望得不到回报。

1997年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark.

纽瓦克特拉华大学的Robert Eisenberger说：“如果孩子们知道自己的工作是为了奖励，并且能够专注于一项相对具有挑战性的任务，他们就会表现出最大的创造力。”。

1997年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn.

愚蠢教学的真正回报是看到学生学习。

2011年12月英语四级考试真题

四级Research has suggested that sugar activates the same reward pathways in the brain as traditional drugs of abuse like morphine or heroin.

研究表明，糖在大脑中激活的奖励途径与吗啡或海洛因等传统滥用药物相同。

2012年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（1）

四级Where once retirement was seen as a brief reward after a long struggle through some miserable job, it is now akin (近似) to being cast aside.

退休曾经被视为在经历了长期的痛苦工作后的短暂回报，现在类似于(近似) 被抛弃。

2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)

四级Golden Rule No.10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded.

美好生活的黄金法则10是对他人的善意往往会得到回报。

2016 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第3套）

四级According to a new study from Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab, small non-food rewards—like the toys in McDonald’s Happy Meals—stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.

根据康奈尔大学食品与品牌实验室的一项新研究，小型非食品奖励——比如麦当劳快乐餐中的玩具——刺激大脑中与食物相同的奖励中心。

2016年12月大学英语四级真题（第3套）

考研But Galileo continued his observations and was soon rewarded with another discovery.

但伽利略继续他的观测，并很快获得了另一个发现。

1981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities.

虽然奥运冠军没有得到奖金，但事实上，他们得到了国家当局的丰厚奖励。

1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研The longest extension ever granted was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuitry was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to receive and thus no hope of reward for the invention.

有史以来延期时间最长的是乔治·瓦伦西；他1939年的彩色电视接收机电路专利被延长到1971年，因为在该专利的大部分正常使用寿命中，没有彩色电视可供接收，因此这项发明没有回报的希望。

1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.

拒绝较低的奖励会让团队中的其他成员非常清楚地感受到这些感受。

2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题