六级Direct subsidies to research and development have been adopted by some governments but are a poor substitute for a carbon price: they do only part of the job, leaving in place market incentives to over-use fossil fuels and thereby add to the stock of atmospheric greenhouse gases without regard to the collateral ( ' , 附带的) costs.

一些政府已经采取了对研发的直接补贴，但这并不能很好地替代碳价格：它们只做了部分工作，留下了过度使用化石燃料的市场激励，从而在不考虑抵押品的情况下增加了大气温室气体存量（“，附带的) 成本。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级Direct subsidies to research and development have been adopted by some governments but are a poor substitute for a carbon price: they do only part of the job, leaving in place market incentives to over-use fossil fuels and thereby add to the stock of atmo

一些政府已经采取了对研发的直接补贴，但这并不能很好地替代碳价格：它们只做了部分工作，留下了过度使用化石燃料的市场激励，从而增加了atmo的存量

2017年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

六级The International Monetary Fund calculates that countries can generate substantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and levying carbon charges that capture the domestic damage caused by emissions.

国际货币基金组织（IMF）计算出，各国可以通过取消化石燃料补贴和征收碳排放费来获得可观的财政收入，以弥补排放造成的国内损害。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级But Smith counters that if you factor in the hidden cost of government corn subsidies, environment degradation, and decreased human heath and animal welfare, grass-fed is the more cost-effective model.

但史密斯反驳说，如果考虑到政府玉米补贴、环境恶化以及人类健康和动物福利下降的隐性成本，草饲料是更具成本效益的模式。

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

四级And a number of oil-producing countries are trimming their gasoline subsidies and raising taxes, so the net savings for global consumers is not as big as the oil price plunge might suggest.

而一些产油国正在削减汽油补贴并提高税收，因此全球消费者的净储蓄并没有油价暴跌所显示的那么大。

2016年12月阅读原文

考研Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.

低工资劳动力的税收需要削减，劳动所得税抵免等工资补贴应该扩大：这将提高收入、鼓励工作、奖励创造就业机会的公司并减少不平等。

2018年考研阅读原文

四级Many oil producers built up huge reserve funds when prices were high, so when prices fall they will draw on their reserves to support government spending and subsidies ( ' , 补贴) for their consumers.

许多石油生产商在价格高企时建立了巨额储备基金，因此当价格下跌时，他们将动用储备来支持政府支出和补贴（“，补贴) 为了他们的消费者。

2016年12月阅读原文

六级For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.

为了使这项计划发挥作用，政府必须提供工资补贴，以补偿因工时缩短而损失的工资。

2016年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

六级In the same way, a significant reduction of wasteful agricultural subsidies could also lower the deficit

同样，大幅减少浪费性农业补贴也可以降低赤字

2012年6月阅读原文

六级An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies.

这方面的一个例子是政府补贴的工作分担。

2016年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

六级But Smith counters that if you factor in the hidden cost of government corn subsidies, environment degradation, and decreased human heath and animal welfare, grass?

但史密斯反驳说，如果你考虑到政府玉米补贴、环境退化、人类健康和动物福利下降的隐性成本，草呢？

2019年12月六级真题（第3套）

六级Several countries have used subsidies to jump-start the market, including Japan, where almost 1 million heat pumps have been installed in the past two years to heat water for showers and hot tubs.

包括日本在内的几个国家已经利用补贴启动了市场，在过去两年里，日本安装了近100万台热泵，为淋浴和热水浴缸供暖。

2007年12月英语六级真题

四级” Economist Bryan Caplan, who is writing a book about education, agrees: “It’s a giant waste of resources that will continue as long as the subsidies continue.

经济学家Bryan Caplan正在写一本关于教育的书，他对此表示赞同：“只要补贴继续下去，这将是对资源的巨大浪费。

2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)

四级“Many oil producers built up huge reserve funds when prices were high, so when prices fall they will draw on their reserves to support government spending and subsidies(补贴)for their consumers.

“许多石油生产商在价格高企时建立了巨额储备基金，因此当价格下跌时，他们将动用储备来支持政府支出和补贴(补贴)为他们的消费者。

2016年12月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级The second is government policy and subsidy.

二是政府政策和补贴。

2020年12月大学英语四级真题（第2套）

考研The townsfolk don’t see it this way and the local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.

市民们并不这么认为，地方议会也不会直接为皇家莎士比亚剧团提供补贴。

2006年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题

考研Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy.

无论如何，镇上的人都不明白为什么皇家莎士比亚剧团需要补贴。

2006年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题