六级The partnership benefits both sides by allowing unconventional partners for example, two companies from two different industries to work together on a specific aspect of the value chain, like, in this example, an engine firm with an accessory one.

通过允许非传统合作伙伴（例如，来自两个不同行业的两家公司）在价值链的特定方面进行合作，这种合作关系对双方都有利，例如，在本例中，一家发动机公司拥有一个配件公司。

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

考研The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing - Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5 billion, but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp me

数字经济巨头们的力量和雄心是惊人的——亚马逊刚刚宣布以135亿美元收购高档食品连锁店Whole Foods，但两年前Facebook支付了更高的价格收购WhatsApp me

2018年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries.

还有一个事实是，美国大公司比以往任何时候都更加全球化，供应链遍布更多的国家。

2020年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

四级On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume -72- highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion ( ' , 转向) of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.

在需求方面，这些趋势包括每年增加7000多万人，越来越多的人希望进入食物链，消费-72-高谷物密集型肉制品，以及大规模转移（“，转向) 将美国粮食用于生产生物燃料。

2016年6月阅读原文

四级On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion of U.S. grain to t

在需求方面，这些趋势包括每年增加7000多万人，越来越多的人希望进入食物链，消费高度粮食密集型的肉制品，以及美国粮食大量转移到美国

2016年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

六级In addition to supplying milk from their own 85-head herd, they began to help other farmers in the area convent from conventional to certified organic and grass-fed in order to enter the Maple Hill supply chain.

除了从他们自己的85头牛群中供应牛奶外，他们还开始帮助修道院地区的其他农民从传统到认证的有机和草食，以进入枫树山供应链。

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

六级But after General mills bought Epic in 2016, Collins and Forrest suddenly had the resources they needed to expand their supply chain.

但在通用磨坊于2016年收购Epic后，柯林斯和福里斯特突然拥有了扩展供应链所需的资源。

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

四级In a multi-state study of assisted living , for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility's type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality.

在一个多状态的辅助生活研究中，例如，北卡罗来那大学的研究人员发现了大量的变量，设施的类型、大小或年龄；连锁店是否拥有它；社区的吸引力与居民的疾病、精神衰退、住院或死亡率没有显著关系。

2016年6月阅读原文

六级It's also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year.

2016年，该公司还将扩大去年收购的美容连锁店Bluemercury。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级As stories go through the chains of people, they are refined, corrected and sorted out until they come finally to me and I have a chance to read through most stories before I go on the air.

随着故事在人们的链条中穿行，它们被提炼、修正和整理，直到它们最终来到我的面前，我有机会在播出之前通读大部分故事。

2015年12月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

四级And McDonald's wasn't alone in slowing down: Other chains also saw their drive-through performance slow down.

麦当劳并不是唯一一家放慢速度的连锁店：其他连锁店也看到他们的直通车业绩放缓。

2018年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

考研The ruling is a victory for big chains with a presence in many states, since they usually collect sales tax on online purchases already.

这项裁决对于在许多州都有业务的大型连锁店来说是一次胜利，因为它们通常已经对网上购物征收销售税。

2020年考研真题（英语一）翻译 Section Ⅲ

高考Although the main attraction was the soup, Roze's chain shops also set a new standard for dining out.

尽管最吸引人的是汤，罗兹的连锁店也为外出就餐制定了新的标准。

2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

考研Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements" such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.

斯蒂芬森说，快餐连锁店也应该停止提供诸如玩具、可爱的动物和手机信贷等“诱因”来吸引年轻顾客。

2011年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

四级Burger King, the nation's second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will stop automatically including French fries and soda in its kids' meals starting this month, although they will still be available.

例如，美国第二大快餐连锁店汉堡王（Burger King）将从本月起自动停止在儿童餐中添加薯条和苏打水，尽管这些食品仍将供应。

2012年12月听力原文

考研Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are too small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home.

需求主要来自两个来源：独立的夫妻食品杂货店，与大型零售连锁店不同，它们太小，无法直接从生产商那里购买；以及食品服务运营商，它们在消费者不在家吃饭的情况下为他们提供服务。

2010年考研阅读原文

四级The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts ( ' , 催化剂 ), but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.

微波和快餐连锁店是最大的催化剂（'，催化剂 ), 但是，那些想出售除了烹饪原料以外的任何东西的大型食品公司使家庭厨师成为了濒危物种。

2015年12月阅读原文

四级The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts, but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.

微波炉和快餐连锁店是最大的催化剂，但大型食品公司想出售除了烹饪原料以外的任何东西，这使得家庭厨师成为濒危物种。

2015年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

六级None of the chain's stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.

这家连锁店在华盛顿都会区的任何一家店都不会关门。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wideranging challenges.

11月和12月开张超过一年的门店的销售额为2%，这是一个令人失望的假期业绩，结束了一个百货连锁店面临广泛挑战的艰难一年。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over one million kitchens worldwide.

截至2007年8月，瑞典家具连锁店宜家在全球售出了100多万个厨房。

2016年6月阅读原文

四级Burger King, the nation's second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will stop automatically including French fries and soda in its kids' meals starting this month, although they will still be available

例如，美国第二大快餐连锁店汉堡王（Burger King）将从本月起自动停止在儿童餐中添加薯条和苏打水，尽管这些食品仍将供应

2012年12月听力原文

考研Big chains have been collecting sales tax nationwide because they typically have physical stores in whatever state a purchase is being shipped to.

大型连锁店一直在全国范围内征收销售税，因为它们通常在购买商品的目的地州都有实体店。

2020年考研真题（英语一）翻译 Section Ⅲ

四级But their beds were provided by private individuals, rather than a hotel chain

但他们的床位是由私人提供的，而不是连锁酒店

2013年12月阅读原文

四级Speed, of course, is essential to the drive-through experience, and drive-throughs are hugely important to chains such as McDonald's, Burger king and Taco Bell.

当然，速度对于直通车体验至关重要，而直通车对于麦当劳、汉堡王和塔可钟等连锁店来说非常重要。

2018年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

四级Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first-of-its-kind rule requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu.

纽约市的大型快餐连锁店已经开始遵守第一条同类规定，要求他们在菜单上注明卡路里含量。

2016年6月听力原文

四级Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties of up to 2, 000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent spot on their menus, preferably next to the price.

从上周六开始，如果连锁店大到不能遵守这一规定，将面临高达2000美元的罚款，因为他们没有在菜单上的显著位置（最好是价格旁边）显示卡路里信息。

2016年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A

六级cut the salary of senior executivesrelocate some of its chain storesadjust its promotion strategiesreduce the size of its staffTo experiment on its new business concept.

削减高级管理人员的工资搬迁部分连锁店调整其晋升战略缩减员工规模以试验其新的商业理念。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级Penguins, like other seabirds and marine mammals, occupy higher levels in the food chain and they are what we call bio-indicators of their ecosystems.

企鹅和其他海鸟和海洋哺乳动物一样，在食物链中占据更高的位置，它们是我们所说的生态系统的生物指标。

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

六级The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) conducted a survey of iced coffees sold by some popular chains in Britain including Starbucks, Caffe Nero and Costa Coffee to gauge the calories as studies increasingly link obesity with cancer.

世界癌症研究基金会（WCRF）对英国一些流行连锁店销售的冰咖啡进行了一项调查，包括星巴克（Starbucks）、Caffe Nero和Costa咖啡（Costa Coffee），以测量热量，因为越来越多的研究将肥胖与癌症联系起来。

2010年12月听力原文

六级They run chain stores in central London.

他们在伦敦市中心经营连锁店。

2011年12月听力原文

四级That's the vision of a hotel chain that plans to send digital keys to guests' phones via an app instead of making them check in and get the traditional plastic swipe cards.

这是一家连锁酒店的愿景，该酒店计划通过应用程序向客人的手机发送数字钥匙，而不是让他们办理入住手续并获得传统的塑料刷卡。

2015年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A

六级In less-developed countries, such as those of sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia, wastage tends to occur primarily at the farmer-producer end of the supply chain.

在欠发达国家，如撒哈拉以南非洲和东南亚国家，浪费往往主要发生在供应链的农民-生产者端。

2013年12月阅读原文

六级Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated.

一些流行连锁店出售的冰咖啡受到污染。

2010年12月听力原文

六级The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) conducted a survey of iced coffees sold by some popular chains in Britain including Starbucks, Caffe Nero and Costa Coffee to gauge the calories as studies increasingly link obesity with cancer

世界癌症研究基金会（WCRF）对英国一些流行连锁店（包括星巴克、Caffe Nero和Costa Coffee）出售的冰咖啡进行了一项调查，以测量热量，因为研究越来越多地将肥胖与癌症联系起来

2010年12月听力原文

六级Macy's reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide—ranging challenges.

梅西百货（Macy's）报告说，其11月和12月开张一年多的门店销售额下降了5.2%，这是一个令人失望的假期业绩，结束了一个面临广泛挑战的百货连锁店艰难的一年。

2017年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

六级Once one person looks at their phone, other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction.

一旦一个人看了看自己的手机，其他人也会觉得不得不这么做，从而引发连锁反应。

2017年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

六级When they started researching the supply chain, they learned that only 2-3% of all Bison is actually grass-fed.

当他们开始研究供应链时，他们了解到只有2-3%的野牛实际上是以草为食的。

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

六级Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated

一些流行连锁店出售的冰咖啡受到污染

2010年12月听力原文

四级We're asking the customers to specify what they want," said Craig Prusher, the chain's vice president of government relations.

我们要求客户具体说明他们想要什么，”该连锁店负责政府关系的副总裁克雷格·普鲁舍（Craig Prusher）说。

2012年12月听力原文

六级These examples are just the tip of the iceberg, but they demonstrate how helping customers get more use of their materials can transform value chains and operations.

这些例子只是冰山一角，但它们展示了如何帮助客户更多地使用他们的材料，从而改变价值链和运营。

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

六级“It’s the ultimate nightmare,” a retail executive from a well-known chain admitted to TIM The card-payment companies MasterCard and Visa are pushing hard for change.

一位知名连锁店的零售高管向TIM承认：“这是一场终极噩梦。”

2015年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

六级Penguins, like other seabirds and marine mammals, occupy higher levels in the food chain and they are what we call bio-indicators of their ecosystems. "

企鹅和其他海鸟和海洋哺乳动物一样，在食物链中占据更高的位置，它们是我们所说的生态系统的生物指标。"

2019年12月六级真题（第3套）

四级A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities.

在这项有氧健身运动之前，已经有许多健身水疗中心，甚至在大多数大城市都有一家全国性的水疗连锁店。

2002年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Chains such as KFC, McDonald’s and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff.

肯德基、麦当劳和必胜客等连锁店正在制定新的客户服务标准，通过严格的员工培训和持续的监控来确保一线员工的友好。

2003年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Many people now talk about the importance of a company’s shared values or culture with which all the staff can identify, for example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user-friendly or the most reliable products in a particular field.

现在，许多人都在谈论一家公司的共同价值观或文化的重要性，所有员工都可以认同这一点，例如，成为最好的连锁酒店，或者在特定领域生产最好、最用户友好或最可靠的产品。

2009年12月大学英语四级考试真题

四级But their bed were provided by private individuals，rather than a hotel chain.

但他们的床是由私人提供的，而不是连锁酒店。

2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)

四级But their beds were provided by private individuals, rather than a hotel chain.

但他们的床位是由私人提供的，而不是连锁酒店。

2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）

四级As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive competitors.

因此，快餐连锁店比价格更高的竞争对手更好地度过了经济衰退。

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套)

四级In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains.

2009年，美国全方位服务餐厅的销售额下降了6%以上，但快餐连锁店的总销售额保持不变。

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套)

四级Panera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.

以新鲜食材闻名的美国快餐连锁店Panera Bread也表现良好，因为它以比餐馆更低的价格提供更高质量的食物。

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套)

四级David Palmer，an analyst at UBS，a bank，says smaller fast- food chains in America，such as Jack in the Box and Carl’s Jr. ，have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant McDonald^, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cut back.

瑞银（UBS）分析师戴维·帕尔默（David Palmer）表示，美国较小的快餐连锁店，如Jack in the Box和Carl's Jr.，在这场经济衰退中受到的打击尤其严重，因为它们正在与全球巨头麦当劳竞争。去年，随着其他公司的削减，麦当劳在广告上的支出增加了7%以上。

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套)

四级America’s health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.

国会今年通过的美国健康改革法案要求拥有20家或20家以上分店的连锁餐厅在菜单上列出其供应的食物的卡路里含量。

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套)

四级A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-posting law in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6% and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunkin Donuts outlet was nearby—a sign, it is said, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings.

美国国家经济研究局（National Bureau of Economic Research）的一项研究追踪了2007年纽约市类似的卡路里张贴法对星巴克的影响，该研究发现，在附近有Dunkin Donuts门店的星巴克门店，每笔交易的平均卡路里数下降了6%，收入增加了3%——据说，这表明菜单标签可能有利于提供更健康产品的连锁店。

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套)

四级The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts (催化剂), but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.

微波炉和快餐连锁店是最大的催化剂(催化剂), 但大型食品公司——除了烹饪所需的原材料外，他们什么都想卖——使家庭厨师成为濒危物种。

2015年12月英语四级考试真题（第2套）

四级In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility's type, size or age；whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality.

例如，在一项关于辅助生活的多州研究中，北卡罗来纳大学的研究人员发现，许多变量——设施的类型、规模或年龄是否为连锁店所有该社区的吸引力与居民在疾病、精神衰退、住院或死亡率方面的表现没有显著关系。

2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion(转向) of U. S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.

在需求方面，这些趋势包括每年持续增加7000多万人，越来越多的人希望向食物链上游转移，消费高谷物密集型肉类产品，以及大规模转移(转向) 美国粮食的大部分用于生产生物燃料。

2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第2套)

四级The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts（催化剂）, but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.

微波炉和快餐连锁店是最大的催化剂(催化剂）, 但大型食品公司——除了烹饪所需的原材料外，他们什么都想卖——使家庭厨师成为濒危物种。

2020年7月大学英语四级真题

考研“The most likely explanation, it seems to me,” said Dr. Mead, “is that they are simply watching what we are up to -- that responsible society outside our solar system is keeping an eye on us to see that we don’t set in motion a chain reaction that might have unexpected effects for outside our solar system.

米德博士说：“在我看来，最有可能的解释是，他们只是在关注我们在做什么——太阳系外负责任的社会正在关注我们，以确保我们不会引发连锁反应，这可能会对太阳系外产生意想不到的影响。”。

1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re-engineering” has been crude.

哈佛大学学者、快速发展的烘焙咖啡连锁店Au Bong Pain的前首席执行官伦纳德·施莱辛格表示，许多“重新设计”都很粗糙。

1998年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题