六级Take your average trade union member, chances are they will be politically motivated and be used to collective action— much like Erica Gregory.

以你的普通工会成员为例，他们很有可能出于政治动机，习惯于集体行动——就像埃里卡·格雷戈里（Erica Gregory）。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级A retired member of the Public and Commercial Services Union, she is setting up one of 1,100 action groups with the support of Climate Solidarity, a two-year environmental campaign aimed at trade unionists.

作为公共和商业服务联盟的退休成员，她正在气候团结组织（Climate Solidation）的支持下成立1100个行动小组之一，这是一项为期两年的针对工会成员的环境运动。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级Take your average trade union member, chances are they will be politically motivated and be used to collective action —much like Erica Gregory.

以你的普通工会成员为例，他们很有可能出于政治动机，习惯于集体行动——就像埃里卡·格雷戈里（Erica Gregory）。

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

六级"It's a very small number of games that would trigger this secondary compensation issue," said voice actor Crispin Freeman, who's a member of the union's negotiating committee.

该联盟谈判委员会成员、配音演员克里斯平·弗里曼（Crispin Freeman）表示：“引发这一次要补偿问题的游戏数量非常少。”。

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

六级"It's a very small number of games that would trigger this secondary compensation issue," said voice actor Crispin Freeman, who's a member of the union's negotiating committee. "This is an important aspect of what it means to be freelance (从事自由职业的) perfor

“这是一个非常少的游戏，将触发这一次要的赔偿问题，”声音演员克里斯平弗里曼说，谁是工会的谈判委员会成员这是自由职业者意义的一个重要方面(从事自由职业的) 性能

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

考研The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.

后一个步骤将在很大程度上抵消每年为退休人员医疗保健预先提供资金的财政负担，从而解决USPS及其联盟长期以来的抱怨。

2018年考研阅读原文

考研In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor.

在威斯康星州，工会已召集数千名支持者反对强硬的共和党州长斯科特·沃克。

2012年考研阅读原文

考研Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’ unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.

尽管有大量证据表明，教师的素质是最重要的变量，但教师工会一直在反对淘汰劣质教师和推广优秀教师。

2012年考研阅读原文

考研Now comes word that everyone involved---Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users --as finally agreed on a plan to fix the system.

现在有消息说，所有参与的人——民主党人、共和党人、邮政局、工会和系统的最大用户——最终就修复系统的计划达成一致。

2018年考研阅读原文

六级The management and union representatives reached an agreement.

资方和工会代表达成了协议。

2010年6月听力原文

六级This follows successful talks between management and union representatives, which resulted in a new agreement on working hours and conditions

在此之前，管理层和工会代表进行了成功的会谈，就工作时间和工作条件达成了新的协议

2010年6月听力原文

考研At the same time, the European Union, Spain, Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.

与此同时，欧盟、西班牙、英国和其他几个国家都在认真考虑征收数字服务税。

2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级If you do lose your job, the union will fight to get it back for you along with back pay—your lost income.

如果你真的失去了工作，工会将为你争取回来，同时还你失去的收入。

2012年12月听力原文

考研With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.

随着英国投票退出欧盟，而GDP已经被预测会因此放缓，现在是评估他所指内容的时候了。

2017年考研阅读原文

六级In exchange, he guarantees an above-market price for each animal and a calf-to-customer electronic ear tag ID system like that used in the European Union.

作为交换，他保证每只动物和一头小牛的价格高于市场价格，并向客户提供类似欧盟所使用的电子耳签ID系统。

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

四级The International Union for Conservation of Nature had previously considered the area a "possible range" for the species, and local people had reported seeing lions in the area, but no one presented convincing evidence.

国际自然保护联盟（International Union for Conservation of Nature）此前曾将该地区视为该物种的“可能活动范围”，当地人曾报告称在该地区见过狮子，但没有人提出令人信服的证据。

2017年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A

高考Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students NUS, argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education.

全国学生联合会主席奥文·詹姆斯（Owain James）认为，学生人数的增加证明了学生生活困难——年轻人被迫在完成学业之前挣钱。

2015年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

考研Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and passing a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union.

仪式的部分内容包括仪式性的理发、将浸泡在圣水中的棉线系在新娘和新郎的手腕上，以及在一圈幸福的已婚夫妇和受人尊敬的夫妇周围传递蜡烛，以祝福他们的结合。

2016年考研真题（英语一）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

六级Southern states without strong teachers' unions have schools at least as awful as those in union states.

没有强大教师工会的南部各州的学校至少和联邦各州的学校一样糟糕。

2016年6月阅读原文

考研And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS's ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected.

从邮政联盟到贺卡制造商等各种利益集团对USPS的最终监督者大会施加利己主义压力，坚持认为无论邮政服务发生什么，他们所依赖的现状的各个方面都会得到保护。

2018年考研阅读原文

考研The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.

欧盟框架资助计划长期以来一直有一个专门针对社会科学家的类别。

2013年考研阅读原文

高考But at union station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, "give what you can, take what you need".

但上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块木板上挂着美元钞票，上面有别针和一块牌子，上面写着“尽你所能，取走你所需要的”。

2019年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

六级Well, as your union representative, I have to warn you that it would take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines and attempt to get you transferred may or may not be successful.

嗯，作为你们的工会代表，我必须警告你们，迫使管理层更换旧机器需要相当长的一段时间，试图让你们转职可能会成功，也可能不会成功。

2012年12月听力原文

六级The union backing it makes members think there must be something in it.

支持它的工会使会员们认为这里面一定有什么东西。

2015年12月阅读原文

四级I've got a feeling that trade union representative is behind this.

我觉得工会代表是幕后操纵者。

2016年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section B

六级Unfortunately, the union in Chicago is insisting that teachers who are laid off—often for being ineffective—should get priority in new hiring.

不幸的是，芝加哥的工会坚持认为，那些经常因工作效率低下而被解雇的教师应该在新的招聘中获得优先权。

2016年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C

考研When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do.

1960年，当霍法的卡车司机们处于鼎盛时期时，只有十分之一的美国政府工作人员加入了工会；现在有36%的人这样做了。

2012年考研阅读原文

四级But this and other price shocks were event-driven—drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S.Corn Belt.

但这次和其他价格冲击都是由苏联的干旱、美国玉米带的作物减产造成的。

2016年6月阅读原文

四级The big change was in 2007, when Romania joined the European Union.

最大的变化发生在2007年，当时罗马尼亚加入了欧盟。

2018年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section B

六级and obviously trade unions are one of the biggest civil society networks in the UK, he says.

他说，显然，工会是英国最大的公民社会网络之一。

2015年12月阅读原文

六级Today, the European Union is creating a $580 billion fund to ward off sovereign collapse

今天，欧盟正在创建一个5800亿美元的基金，以防止主权崩溃

2012年6月阅读原文

六级Protecting the union demand sacrifices those students, in effect turning a blind eye to the injustice in the education system.

保护工会的要求牺牲了这些学生，实际上对教育系统中的不公正现象视而不见。

2016年6月阅读原文

考研Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolled by unions.

加州公共政策研究所的马克·巴尔达萨雷指出，该州的大部分预算都由工会监督。

2012年考研阅读原文

考研Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state's budget is patrolled by unions.

加州公共政策研究所的马克·巴尔达萨雷指出，该州的大部分预算都由工会监督。

2012年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级It's true that the main reason inner-city schools do poorly isn't teachers' unions, but poverty.

诚然，市内学校表现不佳的主要原因不是教师工会，而是贫困。

2016年6月阅读原文

六级But, instead, the Chicago union seems to be using its political capital primarily to protect weak performers.

但是，相反，芝加哥工会似乎主要利用其政治资本来保护表现不佳的人。

2016年6月阅读原文

六级There're steps we can take that would make some difference, and Mayor Rahm Emanuel is trying some of them—yet the union is resisting.

我们可以采取一些措施来改变现状，市长拉姆·伊曼纽尔（Rahm Emanuel）正在尝试其中一些措施，但工会仍在抵制。

2016年6月阅读原文

六级W : Mark is the best candidate for chairman of the student's union , isn't he ?

W:马克是学生会主席的最佳候选人，不是吗？

2011年6月听力原文

考研The teachers’ unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.

教师工会关注学校，CCPOA关注监狱，各种劳工组织关注医疗保健。

2012年考研阅读原文

考研The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 per cent.

欧洲联盟目前正在考虑立法，迫使公司董事会将一定比例的妇女保持在60%以下。

2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Bob is running for chairman of the student union.

鲍勃正在竞选学生会主席。

2012年12月听力原文

六级"Using existing civil society structures or networks is a more effective way of creating change...and obviously trade unions are one of the biggest civil society networks in the UK," he says.

他说：“利用现有的民间社会结构或网络是创造变革的更有效方式……显然，工会是英国最大的民间社会网络之一。”。

2015年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

六级Mark is not fit to take charge of the Student Union.

马克不适合管理学生会。

2011年6月听力原文

六级I'd be sympathetic if the union focused solely on higher compensation.

如果工会只关注更高的薪酬，我会表示同情。

2016年6月阅读原文

考研Its current leader, Ed Miliband, owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.

其现任领导人埃德·米利班德（Ed Miliband）将其职位归功于公共部门工会的投票。

2012年考研阅读原文

六级The trade union gave up its demand.

工会放弃了要求。

2010年6月听力原文

考研And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS's ultimate overseer-Congress一insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protect

从邮政联盟到贺卡制造商等利益集团对美国邮政服务局的最终监督者大会施加了利己主义的压力一坚持不管邮政服务发生了什么，他们所依赖的现状的各个方面都会得到保护

2018年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级After the Soviet Union's collapse, says Cherlin, "anxiety for the future" depressed birthrates in Russia and Eastern Europe.

切尔林说，苏联解体后，“对未来的焦虑”降低了俄罗斯和东欧的出生率。

2013年12月阅读原文

考研Now comes word that everyone involved—Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system.

现在有消息说，民主党人、共和党人、邮政局、工会和该系统的最大用户都最终同意了一项修复该系统的计划。

2018年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级In fact, the European Union is taking the lead.

事实上，欧盟正在起带头作用。

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

六级and obviously trade unions are one of the biggest civil society networks in the ,” he says.

很明显，工会是世界上最大的民间社会网络之一，”他说。

2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

六级On Jan. 10, the European Union unveiled a plan to cut energy use across the continent by 20 percent by 2020.

1月10日，欧盟公布了一项计划，到2020年将整个欧洲大陆的能源使用量减少20%。

2007年12月英语六级真题

六级Even George W. Bush, the Texas oilman, is expected to talk about energy conversation in his State of the Union speech this week.

就连得克萨斯州的石油商乔治·W·布什也有望在本周的国情咨文演讲中谈论能源话题。

2007年12月英语六级真题

六级Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists（活跃分子）and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children’s health and over what, if anything, ought to be done.

自去年12月报告发布以来，市长、社区活动家(活跃分子）各种家长教师协会就其有效性展开了激烈的斗争：关于城市西部边缘的钢铁铸造厂的罪行，关于工会工作与儿童健康的关系，以及关于应该做什么（如果有的话）。

2009年12月英语六级真题

六级This follows successful talks between management and union representatives, which resulted in a new agreement on working hour and conditions.

此前，管理层和工会代表成功举行了会谈，就工作时间和条件达成了新的协议。

2010年6月英语六级真题

四级The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers.

从加利福尼亚州开始的中央太平洋公司使用中国劳动力，而联合太平洋公司则雇佣爱尔兰劳动力。

1991年1月英语四级真题

四级Strong unions keep them there in Fleet Street, home of some London’s biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two.

强大的工会将他们留在伦敦一些最大日报的所在地舰队街，据了解，当两个工会为三份工作争吵时，给每个工会两份工作就可以解决争论。

1995年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Approaching the City’s Central Labor Union that summer, he proposed a holiday that would applaud (赞许)“the industrial spirit-the great vital force of every nation,” On September 5 his suggestion bore fruit, as an estimated 10,000 workers, many of them ignoring their bosses’ warnings, left work to march from Union square up Fifth Avenue to 42nd Street.

那年夏天，在接近该市中央工会时，他提出了一个值得称赞的假期(赞许)“工业精神是每个国家的巨大生命力，”9月5日，他的建议取得了成果，估计有10000名工人离开工作岗位，从第五大道的联合广场游行到第42街，其中许多人无视老板的警告。

1996年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business.

每周我们都会看到工会为了提高工资而罢工，结果却把雇主赶出了企业。

2003年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Throughout U. S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the fight to form unions.

纵观美国历史，劳动人民不得不为更高的工资、更好的工作条件和组建工会而努力奋斗。

2003年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级During the marriage ceremony, the bride and her would-be husband usually exchange gold rings that represent the idea that their union will continue forever.

在婚礼上，新娘和她的准丈夫通常交换金戒指，代表他们的结合将永远延续下去。

2005年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968.

造纸厂的所有有色人种都在“平台”上工作——把纸装进卡车，直到1968年工艺工会最终合并。

2014年12月英语四级考试真题（第1套）

四级Also around that time, regulations, government, and unions came to dictate pay, prevent adjustments, and introduce bureaucratic (官僚的）standard for advancement.

同样在那个时候，法规、政府和工会开始规定薪酬，阻止调整，并引入官僚主义(官僚的）晋升标准。

2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套)

四级Large education bureaucracies and unions came to dominate the landscape, confusing activity with achievement.

大型教育官僚机构和工会开始主导这一局面，将活动与成就混为一谈。

2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套)

四级But this and other price shocks were event-driven——drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U. S. Corn Belt.

但这次和其他价格冲击是由事件驱动的——苏联的干旱，美国玉米带的作物减产。

2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第2套)

考研Ireland had had links with the kingdom of England since the thirteenth century, and in 1800 the creation of the United Kingdom was completed by a union joining the Irish Parliament to that of Great Britain.

自13世纪以来，爱尔兰就与英格兰王国建立了联系，1800年，爱尔兰议会与大不列颠议会联合成立了联合王国。

1981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研Italy’s political leaders and some of its male union chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about 200,000 women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome.

据说，意大利的政治领导人和一些男性工会领袖看到这辆拖拉机后面跟着大约20万名妇女，游行队伍花了三个多小时才蜿蜒穿过罗马市中心，更是感到困惑。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them.

然而，幸运的是，工会的权力和组织不断增强，至少在所有技术行业都是如此，使工人能够平等地与雇用他们的公司经理会面。

1996年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题