Parents
constrain their children to do something they like.
父母强迫孩子做他们喜欢的事。
She tried to
constrain herself from a cough.
她竭力忍住咳嗽。
She feels
constrained to accept it.
她不得不接受。
Hunger
constrained him to eat.
饥饿迫使他进食。
The budget
constraints forced us to make some tough decisions about which projects to prioritize.
预算限制迫使我们必须艰难决定优先进行哪些项目。
The company imposed strict
constraints on the amount of overtime its employees could work.
公司对员工加班时间实施了严格的限制。
She was
constrained by her social upbringing not to express her opinions openly.
她受社会教养的约束，不能公开表达自己的观点。
The project manager had to
constrain his team's creativity within the given parameters.
项目经理必须在给定的范围内约束团队的创新性。
His physical limitations
constrained his ability to participate in sports.
他的身体条件限制了他参与体育活动的能力。
The contract imposed strict
constraints on the suppliers regarding quality control.
合同对供应商的质量控制有严格的规定。
The government has been trying to
constrain inflation to keep prices stable.
政府试图控制通货膨胀以保持价格稳定。
The scientist had to
constrain her enthusiasm for the project to avoid rushing the research.
科学家不得不抑制对项目的热情，以免急于求成。
They were
constrained by time and resources when planning the event.
他们在规划活动时受到了时间和资源的限制。
The dress code at the party
constrained her choice of clothing.
聚会的着装规定限制了她的服装选择。
Boeing said it is disappointing that geopolitical differences continue to constrain US aircraft exports, and it called for productive dialogue between the US and China.
波音公司表示，令人失望的是，地缘政治分歧继续限制美国飞机出口，并呼吁美中之间进行富有成效的对话。
Local governments need to choose more market-oriented methods like carbon tax and carbon trading, instead of administrative interventions, to foster structural reforms and avoid too sharp a decline in energy supply that could constrain production activities, said Wang, who is also a member of the central bank's monetary policy committee.
同时也是央行货币政策委员会成员的王表示，地方政府需要选择更市场化的方法，如碳税和碳交易，而不是行政干预，以促进结构改革，避免能源供应急剧下降，从而限制生产活动。
If the US and China can achieve a few tangible wins early for both US and Chinese economies, they can then "focus on the longer-term structural impediments that artificially constrain more trade cooperation. "
It is very flexible, rather than building strict structures and protocols that constrain cooperation," Kavanagh said.
These measures not only obstruct China's access to the technology, equipment, talent and financing required for high-tech products, but also constrain the space for survival for Chinese technology companies.
Unlike industrialized countries like the United States that face a lack of large-scale investment opportunities and relatively insufficient investment — which have combined to constrain productivity growth — China still provides abundant potential investment opportunities.
"More efforts will also be made to improve the consumption environment, remove barriers that may constrain consumption, build international consumption center cities, reduce purchase restrictions to boost automotive consumption and encourage offline consumption, traditional consumption and new types of consumption.
However, after the domestic economy recovers to a certain level, it may reach a new balance point, which will constrain further upwards momentum to a certain extent, Guo said.
Wen Bin, chief researcher at China Minsheng Bank, said that domestic inflation is likely to remain mild and unlikely to constrain the country's monetary policy, which means that policymakers will intensify policy support and roll out supportive measures ahead of schedule to ensure the economy operates within a reasonable range.
To sustain financial stability and constrain risks especially in the real estate sector, the PBOC's monetary policy committee vowed to take measures to "safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of home buyers, better meet their reasonable demands, and promote the healthy development and virtuous cycle of the real estate market", the statement said.
The distortion of high producer prices and falling consumer prices could put policymakers in a difficult situation as high factory inflation could constrain the government from using strong stimulus policies to spur growth and boost domestic demand.
The aging population would constrain residents' consumption and raise deposits, which will curb inflation, while the green growth pattern, which can change production activity and people's lifestyles, will cap carbon emissions and boost the costs of using high-carbon energy, Yi said.
The premier stressed the significance of removing unreasonable barriers that constrain business growth with reforms to streamline administration and bolster compliance oversight and services, saying that administrative services should be enhanced to create more market players.
"But as the foundation of domestic economic recovery is not solid and inflation is unlikely to constrain policies, the monetary policy should not be tightened in the short term," said Shen Jianguang, chief economist at JD Digits, the digital technology subsidiary of JD.
With the swift economic recovery that has returned to the pre-pandemic level, policymakers may turn their attention to controlling potential risks, especially to rein in property sector bubbles and constrain the rise of government debt, analysts said.
Meanwhile, the nation is expected to retain stringent restrictions on housing market speculation in line with the demand-side reform, as bigger property bubbles would constrain household spending, said Li Qilin, chief economist at Hongta Securities.
However, we believe sporadic local outbreaks remain a risk, as the rest of the world is still tackling the pandemic, which should constrain the pace of recovery in the services sector, especially the catering, hotel and passenger transport industries," Lu said.
More efforts are also expected to encourage and constrain the coal output and transmission volume in relevant provinces and regions, Ren said.
In August 2020, China unveiled the "three red lines" to constrain property developers' debt according to three balance sheet metrics, said Ma Hong, senior research fellow at the Zhixin Investment Research Institute.
Beijing unveiled the "three red lines" in August last year to constrain property developers' debt burdens through supervising three balance sheet metrics－debt to assets, net debt to equity and cash to short-term borrowings.
去年8月，北京宣布了“三条红线”，通过监管三个资产负债表指标——资产负债率、净负债率和现金短债比，以约束房地产开发商的债务负担。
The lack of ample supply of elderly care services poses great potential for related industries, but there are still challenges－the pension level is low to constrain consumption of old people, said Dong.
董表示，老年护理服务供应不足为相关产业带来了巨大潜力，但仍然存在挑战——养老金水平较低，限制了老年人的消费能力。
Luo Zuoxian, head of the intelligence research department under the Sinopec Economics and Development Research Institute, said it is an opportune time to increase crude imports, despite the fact that these might constrain production capacity.
Shortages of workers and anti-epidemic products, as well as transport and supply chain disruptions, will constrain the growth of the machinery industry in the short term, possibly leading to a substantial decline in the industry's major economic indicators for the first quarter.
He explained that in arriving at a decision, the EU regulators would analyze if CRRC's likely future expansion into Europe would constrain the merged Siemens-Alstom entity from using monopoly powers to increase price, reduce quality or reduce innovation.
Regional stress is expected to constrain the earnings of Asian refining and marketing companies in the next 12 months, bringing refiners to increase reliance on short-term financing facilities, according to Moody's Investors Service.
By 2026, enterprises that fail to effectively address the talent and digital skills gap in their organizations will constrain revenue growth opportunities by 20 percent.
China will strengthen its national strategic technologies next year, and step up efforts to resolve major difficulties that constrain national development and security, according to the annual tone-setting Central Economic Work Conference which was held from Dec 16 to 18.
The association warned that the ban will not only delay the deployment of 5G networks and constrain innovation potential, but also have important wider socioeconomic consequences.
In addition, the ban will not only delay the deployment of 5G networks and constrain innovation potential, but also have important wider socioeconomic consequences, said the ECTA.
Based on the characteristics of the financial industry, the main technical obstacles that constrain blockchain's broad use are: performance bottlenecks, privacy protection and security governance, cross-chain interoperability, system operation and maintenance as well as business continuity management.1.
"Foreign exchange rate fluctuations will not substantively constrain China's monetary policy adjustments," said Wang Qing, chief macroeconomic analyst at Golden Credit Rating International.
Inflation is unlikely to constrain China's monetary policy, Xing said, as the country is expected to shun huge infrastructure stimulus that would risk pushing up commodity prices, while the country's abundant labor force means that reviving consumption of services will not add too much inflationary pressure.
Also, land finance managed to constrain the effectiveness of fiscal spending.
As for the four G-SIBs in China, they should innovate new tools under the TLAC framework to meet the standards, Wen added, saying a reliance on profits to supplement capital may constrain banks' investment and the growth of business.
"The leverage level may no longer be a factor to constrain credit expansion.
But experts believe that the higher PPI inflation will not be a compelling factor causing PBOC to raise interest rates or constrain credit growth.
The PBOC is unlikely to tighten policies, said Lu Ting, chief economist in China with Nomura Securities, because policy tightening may constrain real demand and potentially undermine the growth recovery.
More efforts may be needed to constrain the debt-to-GDP ratio over the medium term," Roache said.
But the resurgence of novel coronavirus infections in some regions may continue to constrain the consumption of services, said Chen.
The recent increase of COVID-19 cases in some areas may constrain consumption in the short-term, which will also reduce borrowing by households, said Wen.
Excessively tight regulations could constrain new ideas and impede innovation, besides perpetuating an arguably dull, weak or vulnerable system.
Effie Xin, managing partner of financial services Greater China at EY, said China faces downward pressure on economic growth as structural and cyclical factors constrain prospects.
Direct financing through bond and stock markets should replace a part of banks' lending, a measure that can constrain the rising debt and support the recovery of business activities amid the coronavirus outbreak, China's central bank governor said on Sunday.
After the epidemic, worker shortages may delay the resumption of production, disrupt the supply system and extend the production cycle, which will further constrain exports.
This could constrain the cyclical rebound of the Chinese economy.
"Through clarifying some red lines of regulations, it emphasizes that all the capital source of financial holding firms should be authentic and adequate, which will help to constrain the large groups' unlimited sprawling driven by high-leveraged investment," Hong added.
"The refreshed regulation should encourage payment groups to create new business models and upgrade payment technology, but not constrain innovation at the excuse of preventing risks," Yang Dong, director of the Fintech and Internet Security Research Center at Renmin University of China, told China Daily.
Wendy Chen, a Nomura Securities analyst, said that the "benign" consumer inflation, which was 2.5 percent in October－unchanged from the previous month－will not constrain China's policy-easing agenda, and the overall financing gauges might see a slight rebound in the coming months.
"Japan used to raise the interest rates and constrain money coming into the banking sector, but it was too hasty in doing so, which has led to the property market slump.
Noting that the sound momentum has been sustained in the development of the world economy, Yu said rising trade protectionism and structural factors continue to constrain the medium and long-term development of the world economy.
The tightened regulatory framework will not constrain credit growth for financial institutions, and their adequate capital reserves should satisfy financing needs and the real economy, he said.
The potential economic downside risks could lead to further fine-tuning to stimulate demand, which is likely to constrain the current financial deleveraging process to some extent, he said.
Fast expansion of some large institutions' payment services could lead to the formation of an oligopoly in the market and constrain development of small-sized business, which in turn could lead to personal privacy and data security risks and destroy fair completion, said Fan Shuangwen, deputy director of the payment and settlement department of the PBOC.
Ming Ming, an analyst with CITIC Securities, said that this year, the M2 is expected to stay between 8 and 10 percent, considering the new financial regulations, especially those on overseeing the asset and wealth management products (a main source of shadow banking financing), may constrain liquidity in the financial sector.
Enhanced regulatory policy measures and guidelines should further constrain the growth of off-balance-sheet WMPs, which has been one of the fastest-growing components of the shadow banking sector, said Moody's in the report.