高考We who labor in clean shirts in offices don't have the abilities that motorheads have.

我们这些穿着干净衬衫在办公室里工作的人没有汽车司机的能力。

2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文

四级Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected to be able to afford to live independently of their parents.

一般来说，自1960年以来，年轻妇女在有报酬的劳动力市场上取得了越来越大的成功，因此，人们可能越来越期望她们能够独立于父母生活。

2019年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

考研It can't when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius.

当更多的雇主有更多的机会获得高于平均水平的廉价外国劳动力、廉价机器人、廉价软件、廉价自动化和廉价天才时，这是不可能的。

2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研In the absence of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could yield strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.

在没有工作的情况下，一个为其他目的而设计的社会可能会为未来的劳动和休闲带来截然不同的环境。

2017年考研真题（英语二）完形填空 Section Ⅰ

六级Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online.

尽管许多研究人员普遍认为，公开获取原始数据将加速科学发展，但大多数研究人员不愿意将自己的研究成果发布到网上。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级The strike comes in light of an unsuccessful 19 months of negotiations after the existing labor contract known as the Interactive Media Agreement expired in late 2014.

此次罢工发生在现有劳动合同（称为互动媒体协议）于2014年底到期后19个月谈判不成功的情况下。

2019年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

考研95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

95 knit miniskirt在其全球2300家PIU商店中，必须依靠低工资的海外劳动力，订购大量消耗自然资源的产品，并使用大量有害化学品。

2013年考研阅读原文

考研In a 2012 survey, 71 percent of tree-fruit growers and almost 80 percent of raisin and berry growers said they were short of labor.

在2012年的一项调查中，71%的果树种植者和近80%的葡萄干和浆果种植者表示他们缺少劳动力。

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news.

许多人谈到劳工部6月份报告的28.8万个新工作岗位，以及失业率下降到6.1%，这是个好消息。

2015年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it's been all along: Native U.S.

一个经常被争论的解决劳动力短缺的方法仍然像过去一样令人难以置信：美国本土。

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Young Americans already face a bleak labor market that cannot instill (注入) confidence about having children.

美国年轻人已经面临严峻的劳动力市场，无法向他们灌输(注入) 有孩子的信心。

2013年12月阅读原文

考研Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.

例如，宗教协会开始是为了获得推翻政权的支持和抵御邪恶影响；家庭生活在满足欲望和确保家庭永久性的愿望中；系统劳动，在很大程度上，是因为对他人的奴役等。

2009年考研翻译原文

六级The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated.

劳工统计局的报告和预期的一样悲观。

2013年6月阅读原文

考研For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300 -plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

H&M要想在全球2300多家门店推出一款售价5.95美元的针织迷你裙，就必须依靠低工资的海外劳动力，大量订购自然资源，并使用大量有害化学物质。

2013年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级The practice of clocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution, as reflected in the then-popular saying, Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest.

每天工作八小时打卡的做法是工业革命时期遗留下来的，正如当时流行的谚语“八小时劳动、八小时娱乐、八小时休息”所反映的那样。

2016年12月阅读原文

考研Britain’s Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism.

顾名思义，英国工党长期以来一直与工会主义联系在一起。

2012年考研阅读原文

六级Workers have the legal rights to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws: the Occupational Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act.

根据《职业安全与健康法》和《国家劳动关系法》这两部联邦法律，工人有权拒绝某些不安全的工作任务。

2012年12月听力原文

六级If you say no, however, it may surprise you to learn that you are only unemployed if you've been actively looking for work in the past four weeks; otherwise, you are "marginally attached to the labor force" and not actually unemployed.

然而，如果你说不，你可能会惊讶地发现，只有在过去四周里你一直在积极寻找工作的情况下，你才会失业；否则，你就“与劳动力有着轻微的联系”，而不是真正的失业。

2013年6月阅读原文

考研In other words, we need to look at the ways in which machines can augment human labor rather than replace it.

换句话说，我们需要研究机器如何增加而不是取代人力。

2014年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

考研Finally,because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought.

最后，由于自动化有可能扩大资本收入和劳动力收入之间的差距，税收和安全网将不得不重新考虑。

2018年考研阅读原文

考研finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought.

最后，由于自动化有可能扩大资本收入和劳动力收入之间的差距，税收和安全网将不得不重新考虑。

2018年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级They can avoid doing much of the manual labor.

他们可以避免做很多体力劳动。

2011年6月阅读原文

考研The humiliations of his father’s imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken’s greatest wound and became his deepest secret.

父亲被囚禁的耻辱和他在制黑工厂的劳动形成了迪肯最大的创伤，成为他最深的秘密。

2017年考研阅读原文

考研Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.

尽管几家快速时尚公司已经努力遏制其对劳动力和环境的影响——包括H&M，其绿色环保系列——克莱恩认为，持久的变化只能由客户来影响。

2013年考研阅读原文

四级Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.

拥有大学学历的年轻人在劳动力市场上的表现要比教育程度较低的年轻人好得多，这反过来也使他们更容易建立自己的家庭。

2019年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

四级Conflicts between labor and management.

劳资冲突。

2011年6月听力原文

考研Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.

低工资劳动力的税收需要削减，劳动所得税抵免等工资补贴应该扩大：这将提高收入、鼓励工作、奖励创造就业机会的公司并减少不平等。

2018年考研阅读原文

考研More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry’s work.

最近，在研究住房建设时，研究人员发现，尽管建筑业的工作很复杂，但德克萨斯州休斯顿的文盲、不讲英语的墨西哥工人始终符合最佳实践劳动生产率标准。

2009年考研阅读原文

六级Corporations in Germany realized that there was an interest to be served economically and patriotically in building up a skilled labor force at home; we never had that ethos (风气)," says Richard Sennett, a New York University sociologist who has written about the connection of craft and culture.

德国的企业意识到，在国内建立一支技术熟练的劳动力队伍符合经济利益和爱国主义利益；我们从未有过这种精神(风气)," 纽约大学社会学家理查德·森内特（Richard Sennett）说，他写过关于手工艺与文化的关系的文章。

2013年6月阅读原文

考研More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English- speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building in

最近，在检查住房建设时，研究人员发现，德克萨斯州休斯敦的墨西哥籍文盲、不讲英语的工人，尽管该市的建筑很复杂，但始终符合最佳实践劳动生产率标准

2009年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

四级The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn't looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.

美国劳工统计局的数据显示，270万想要工作的人在过去四周内没有找工作，甚至不再被列为失业者。

2012年12月阅读原文

六级A labor dispute at a bus company.

公共汽车公司的劳资纠纷。

2013年12月听力原文

考研The teachers’ unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.

教师工会关注学校，CCPOA关注监狱，各种劳工组织关注医疗保健。

2012年考研阅读原文

考研The teachers'unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.

教师工会关注学校，CCPOA关注监狱，各种劳工组织关注医疗保健。

2012年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Changing the current energy system requires the systematic training of professionals and skilled labor.

改变目前的能源系统需要对专业人员和熟练工人进行系统的培训。

2015年12月阅读原文

考研In previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines.

在前一个技术剧变的时代，企业家们通过想出将劳动力和机器结合起来的办法，使这一转变更加顺利。

2018年考研阅读原文

考研Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment -- including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line -- Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.

尽管几家快速时尚公司都在努力遏制其对劳动力和环境的影响，包括H&M，其绿色环保系列，但克莱恩相信，持久的变化只能由客户来影响。

2013年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级To move their companies to where labor is cheaper.

将他们的公司转移到劳动力更便宜的地方。

2011年12月阅读原文

六级Immigrants provide cheap labor, lower the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets

移民提供了廉价劳动力，降低了从农产品到新房的所有商品的价格，让消费者口袋里的钱多一点

2011年6月阅读原文

高考In colonies that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.

在规模从几百到几千万不等的殖民地，他们以明确的分工组织生活。

2015年高考英语安徽卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

考研Your home colleagues - your family - have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they're teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices.

你的家庭同事——你的家人——没有明确的劳动报酬；他们需要被说服，或者，如果他们是青少年，就可能被威胁完全拆除所有电子设备。

2015年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Native low-skilled workers suffer most from the competition of foreign labor.

本地低技能工人在外国劳动力的竞争中受害最深。

2011年6月阅读原文

考研Production of corn, cotton, rice, soybeans, and wheat has been largely mechanized, but many high-value, labor-intensive corps, such as strawberries, need labor.

玉米、棉花、水稻、大豆和小麦的生产基本上是机械化的，但许多高价值、劳动密集型的作物，如草莓，需要劳动力。

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Corporations in Germany realized that there was an interest to be served economically and patriotically in building up a skilled labor force at home; we never had that ethos (风气)," says Richard Sennett, a New York University sociologist who has written about the connection of craft and culture

德国的企业意识到，在国内建立一支技术熟练的劳动力队伍符合经济利益和爱国主义利益；我们从未有过这种精神(风气)," 纽约大学社会学家理查德·森内特（Richard Sennett）说，他写过关于手工艺与文化之间的联系的文章

2013年6月阅读原文

六级The Burean of Labor Statistics projects that while the number of nurses will increase by 19 percent by 2022, demand will grow faster than supply, and that there will be over one million unfilled nursing jobs by then.

劳工统计局预计，到2022年，护士人数将增长19%，但需求增长将快于供给，届时将有100多万个护士职位空缺。

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

考研The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week.

劳工部使用的这项调查询问人们在参考周的工作时间是否少于35小时。

2015年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级However, it is farmers that are pushing for the advancements due to ever-increasing labor vacancies, making it difficult to maintain large-scale operations.

然而，由于劳动力空缺不断增加，使得维持大规模经营变得困难，因此推动进步的是农民。

2018年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

六级In sum:generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market,but they also tend to diminish their careers.

总而言之：慷慨的家庭友好政策确实让更多的女性进入劳动力市场，但也会削弱她们的职业生涯。

2014年6月阅读原文

六级David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California

加州大学伯克利分校（UC Berkeley）经济学家大卫·卡德（David Card）指出，最直接从移民的低成本劳动力中获利的是企业和雇主——比如内布拉斯加州的肉类加工厂，或者加利福尼亚州的农业企业

2011年6月阅读原文

六级The division of labor between men and women.

男女之间的劳动分工。

2011年6月听力原文

考研Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out.

很少有家庭的分工是如此临床和有条理地安排。

2015年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

四级The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recent decades, young women view this as a man's world—just as middle-aged and older women do.

调查发现，尽管近几十年来女性在受教育程度和劳动力参与度方面取得了巨大进步，但年轻女性与中老年女性一样，将这视为男性的世界。

2018年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

六级The practice of clocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution, as reflected in the then-popular saying, "Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest."

每天工作八小时打卡的做法是工业革命时期遗留下来的，当时流行的一句话“八小时劳动，八小时娱乐，八小时休息”就反映了这一点

2016年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B

六级David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California.

加州大学伯克利分校（UC Berkeley）经济学家大卫·卡德（David Card）指出，从移民的低成本劳动力中最直接获利的是企业和雇主——比如内布拉斯加州的肉类加工厂，或者加利福尼亚州的农业企业。

2011年6月阅读原文

考研An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.

非自愿兼职的增加是劳动力市场疲软的证据，这意味着许多人将很难维持生计。

2015年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

四级For women,delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.

对于女性而言，部分与男性劳动力市场结果相关的延迟婚姻可能是其家庭生活增加的更多原因。

2019年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

考研The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens'greatest wound and became his deepest secret.

他父亲被囚禁的耻辱和他在黑人工厂的劳动形成了狄更斯最大的创伤，并成为他最深的秘密。

2017年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Immigrants provide cheap labor, lower the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets.

移民提供廉价劳动力，降低从农产品到新房的所有商品的价格，让消费者口袋里的钱多一点。

2011年6月阅读原文

六级Private markets for goods, services, labor, and securities do mostly self-correct, but panic feeds on itself and disarms these stabilizing tendencies.

商品、服务、劳动力和证券的私人市场基本上是自我纠正的，但恐慌会自生自灭，消除这些稳定趋势。

2013年6月阅读原文

六级Workers classified as laborers, other than farm hands or miners, peaked at 4% of the labor force in 1920 but were barely 6% by 1950 and less than 4% by 2000.

除农场工人或矿工外，被归类为劳动者的工人在1920年达到劳动力的4%的峰值，但到1950年仅为6%，到2000年不到4%。

2014年6月大学英语六级考试真题（三）

六级The practice of clocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution, as reflected in the then-popular saying, “Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest.

上班打卡八小时的做法是工业革命时期遗留下来的，正如当时流行的一句话所反映的那样，“八小时劳动，八小时娱乐，八小时休息。

2016年12月六级（第三套）真题

六级Universities have a large part to play in preparing students for the 21st century labor market by promoting international educational experiences.

大学通过推广国际教育经验，在为学生进入21世纪劳动力市场做好准备方面发挥着重要作用。

2009年12月英语六级真题

六级Students themselves, however, may not realize that when they graduate, they will be competing in a global labor market.

然而，学生们自己可能没有意识到，当他们毕业时，他们将在全球劳动力市场上竞争。

2009年12月英语六级真题

四级During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”.

在你工作的时间里，你可能会说你很“热”。

1990年1月英语四级真题

四级The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers.

从加利福尼亚州开始的中央太平洋公司使用中国劳动力，而联合太平洋公司则雇佣爱尔兰劳动力。

1991年1月英语四级真题

四级The picnics, speeches, and parades of today’s Labor Day were all part of the first celebration, held in New York City in 1882.

今天劳动节的野餐、演讲和游行都是1882年在纽约市举行的第一次庆祝活动的一部分。

1996年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Its promoter was an Irish-American labor leader named peter J. McGuire.

它的发起人是一位名叫彼得·J·麦奎尔的爱尔兰裔美国劳工领袖。

1996年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Approaching the City’s Central Labor Union that summer, he proposed a holiday that would applaud (赞许)“the industrial spirit-the great vital force of every nation,” On September 5 his suggestion bore fruit, as an estimated 10,000 workers, many of them ignoring their bosses’ warnings, left work to march from Union square up Fifth Avenue to 42nd Street.

那年夏天，在接近该市中央工会时，他提出了一个值得称赞的假期(赞许)“工业精神是每个国家的巨大生命力，”9月5日，他的建议取得了成果，估计有10000名工人离开工作岗位，从第五大道的联合广场游行到第42街，其中许多人无视老板的警告。

1996年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级The event gained national attention, and by 1893 thirty states had made Labor Day an annual holiday.

这一事件引起了全国的关注，到1893年，已有30个州将劳动节定为一年一度的节日。

1996年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Demands for fundamental change were common throughout the labor press.

对根本性变革的要求在整个劳动新闻界都很普遍。

1996年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级One can imagine practical capitalists seeing Labor Day as a bargain: A one-day party certainly cost them less than paying their workers decent wages.

人们可以想象，务实的资本家将劳动节视为一笔交易：一天的聚会肯定比支付工人体面的工资要便宜。

1996年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily.

例如，几乎每家报纸都有一个商业版块，每天报道公司的交易和项目、财务和管理、股价和劳动力问题。

2003年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级And the term big business—referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor.

“大企业”一词指的是最大的公司，被视为反对劳工。

2003年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety.

如今，许多旧的劳资纠纷已经过去，但仍存在一些员工焦虑。

2003年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级I put out a hard day’s labor and earned six dollars.

我辛辛苦苦干了一天，挣了六块钱。

2003年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级In a way, Kudzu is a sign of labor shortage in the south.

从某种程度上说，库兹是南方劳动力短缺的标志。

2006年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级It’s logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers.

假设良好的劳动关系、良好的工作条件、良好的工资和福利以及工作保障等因素会激励工人，这是合乎逻辑的，但一位专家弗雷德里克·赫茨伯格认为，这些条件并不能激励工人。

2009年12月大学英语四级考试真题

四级The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.

劳工统计局的数据显示，270万想要工作的人在过去四周内没有找到工作，甚至不再被归类为失业者。

2012年12月大学英语四级真题（2）

四级A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor.

一本圣经——当然是一本很长的书——需要用300张羊皮和无数工时制成的羊皮纸。

2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）

四级Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to80% of a daycare center's expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.

考虑到劳动力成本占日托中心费用的80%，人们会认为固定工资意味着固定价格。

2014年12月英语四级考试真题（第1套）

四级If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can't really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up.

如果它必须为每两个孩子雇佣一名看护人，那么当其他费用增加时，它就无法真正实现任何劳动力规模经济来省钱。

2014年12月英语四级考试真题（第1套）

四级But the Labor Departments latest jobs reports and other recent data present a strong case for crowning baby boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的人）as the greatest victims of the recession and its dreadful consequences.

但劳工部最新的就业报告和其他最新数据为婴儿潮一代加冕提供了有力的理由(二战后生育高峰期出生的人）作为经济衰退及其可怕后果的最大受害者。

2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套)

四级Over the last year, the average duration of unemployment for older people was 53 weeks, compared with 19 weeks for teenagers, according to the Labor Department’s jobs report released on Friday.

根据劳工部周五发布的就业报告，去年，老年人的平均失业时间为53周，而青少年为19周。

2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套)

四级Many displaced older workers are taking this message to heart and leaving the labor force entirely.

许多流离失所的老年工人将这一信息牢记在心，并完全离开劳动力队伍。

2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套)

四级8% of married couples where the stay-at-home father was out of the labor force for a year.

8%的已婚夫妇的全职父亲离开劳动力市场一年。

2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套)

四级According to the U. S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers.

根据美国劳工部的数据，2015年5月，共有505560名注册校车司机。

2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第3套）

四级Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to afford to live independently of their parents.

一般来说，自1960年以来，年轻女性在有偿劳动力市场上取得了越来越大的成功，因此人们可能越来越期望她们能够负担得起独立于父母的生活。

2019年6月大学英语四级真题（第2套）

四级For women, delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.

对于女性来说，延迟结婚——这在一定程度上与男性的劳动力市场结果有关——可能更多地解释了她们在家庭中生活的增加。

2019年6月大学英语四级真题（第2套）

四级While the research literature is clear that labor market success is partly based on how employers and customers perceive your body image, no one had explored the other side of question.

虽然研究文献清楚地表明，劳动力市场的成功在一定程度上取决于雇主和客户对你身体形象的看法，但没有人探讨过问题的另一面。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级We found no relationship between the average person's self- perception of weight and labor market outcomes, although self-perceived weight can influence self-esteem（自尊心）, mental health and health behaviors.

我们发现普通人对体重的自我感知与劳动力市场结果之间没有关系，尽管自我感知的体重会影响自尊(自尊心）, 心理健康和健康行为。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级While the continued gender penalty in the labor market is frustrating, our finding that misperceived weight does not harm workers is more heartening.

虽然劳动力市场上持续的性别惩罚令人沮丧，但我们发现，被误解的体重不会伤害工人，这一发现更令人振奋。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级Since employers’ perception of weight is what matters in the labor market, changing discrimination laws to include body type as a category would also help.

由于雇主对体重的看法在劳动力市场上很重要，因此修改歧视法，将体型作为一个类别也会有所帮助。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

四级We believe expanding such protections would make the labor market more fair and efficient.

我们相信，扩大这种保护将使劳动力市场更加公平和高效。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题（第1套）

考研But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficiency of the new technology means there will be a simple and direct net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done.

但未来学家Hymen Seymour表示，新技术的惊人效率意味着需要完成的人工量将简单而直接地净减少。

1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研It may not be easy, but society will have to reach a new unanimity on the division and distribution of labor,” Seymour says.

这可能并不容易，但社会必须在分工和分配问题上达成新的一致意见，”西摩说。

1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研“But there is a growing awareness that this is not enough,” says a researcher on female labor at the government-funded Institute for the Development of Professional Training for Workers.

政府资助的工人专业培训发展研究所的一位女性劳动力研究人员表示：“但人们越来越意识到，这还不够。”。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one’s life.

在原始社会，青春期通常是一段相对较短的时间，而在教育模式长期化、法律禁止童工的工业社会，青春期要长得多，可能包括人生第二个十年的大部分时间。

1991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研He now can obtain a driver’s license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws.

他现在可以获得驾驶执照；他可以离开公立学校；他可以在不受童工法限制的情况下工作。

1991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研The important factor in a private enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property) , and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit.

私营企业经济中的一个重要因素是，允许个人拥有生产资源（私人财产），允许他们雇佣劳动力，获得对自然资源的控制权，并生产商品和服务以营利。

1994年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment.

通过帮助增加需求，它确保了对劳动力需求的增加，因此是对抗失业的有效方法。

1995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题