四级Caffeine, a substance found in coffee and some soft drinks, is also a drug.

咖啡因是咖啡和一些软饮料中的一种物质，也是一种药物。

2015年12月听力原文

四级In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems.

相反，“研究人员继续说，”许多不假设人们做出理性选择的规定已经成功地应用于控制酒精，一种类似食物的物质，过度消费会导致严重的健康问题。

2013年6月阅读原文

六级a parent, relative, friend, or doctor outside the family, had higher self-esteem, higher grades, and lower substance use than peers whose role models were sports figures, singers, or other media characters.

父母、亲戚、朋友或家庭以外的医生比那些以体育明星、歌手或其他媒体人物为榜样的同龄人有更高的自尊、更高的分数和更少的物质使用。

2013年6月阅读原文

四级A drug is a chemical substance.

药物是一种化学物质。

2015年12月听力原文

四级These microplastics included a substance commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and liquid containers.

这些微塑料包括一种通常称为PET的物质，广泛用于制造服装、食品和液体容器。

2019年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

六级That’s why I’ve rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer-causing substance, but although I’ve lived blocks from a major fault line(地质断层) for more than 12 years, I still haven’t bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.

这就是为什么我把装在包里的微波食品从橱柜里拿出来的原因，包里包着一种潜在的致癌物质，但尽管我住的地方离一条主要的断层线很远(地质断层) 12年多了，我仍然没有把我们的书架栓在客厅的墙上。

2009年12月英语六级真题

四级Sugar poses enough health risks that it should be considered a controlled substance just like alcohol and tobacco, argue a team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).

加州大学旧金山分校（UCSF）的一组研究人员认为，糖对健康的风险足够大，应该像酒精和烟草一样被视为受控物质。

2012年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（1）

四级"In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance like food--of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems. "

“相比之下，”研究人员继续说道，“许多不认为人们会做出理性选择的规定已经成功地应用于控制酒精，这是一种与食物类似的物质，过度饮酒会导致严重的健康问题。”

2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)

四级“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems.

“相比之下，”研究人员继续说道，“许多不假设人们做出理性选择的法规已经成功地应用于控制酒精，这种物质与食物一样，过度消费会导致严重的健康问题。”。

2013年 6月大学英语四级考试真题

四级"In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance -- like food -- of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems. "

“相比之下，”研究人员继续说道，“许多不假设人们做出理性选择的法规已经成功地应用于控制酒精，这种物质与食物一样，过度消费会导致严重的健康问题。”

2013年 6月大学英语四级考试真题

考研A stage in human civilization is often called by the name of the substance mainly used at that stage: the Stone Age, the Iron Age, and so on.

人类文明的一个阶段通常被称为主要用于该阶段的物质的名称：石器时代、铁器时代等等。

1984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug.

从技术上讲，除了食物之外，任何改变我们身体或精神功能的物质都是药物。

1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists.

这就是为什么现在许多医生和心理学家使用更中性的术语“物质”的原因。

1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.

“药物滥用”一词经常被用来代替“毒品滥用”，以表明酒精和烟草等物质的滥用可能与海洛因和可卡因一样有害。

1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses?

这些社会可接受的、明显具有建设性的物质使用何时会成为滥用？

1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence.

重复使用某种物质也可能导致身体成瘾或物质依赖。

1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.

依赖性首先表现为耐受性增加，产生所需效果所需的物质越来越多，然后在停止使用该物质时出现令人不快的戒断症状。

1997年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题